Florística e caracterização dos campos rupestres sobre canga na Serra da Calçada, Minas Gerais, Brasil

Abstract

RESUMO(Florística e caracterização dos campos rupestres sobre canga na Serra da Calçada, Minas Gerais, Brasil) Os campos rupestres sobre canga são um ambiente peculiar e freqüente na região do Quadrilátrero Ferrífero, Minas Gerais. Sua vegetação, associada a afloramentos hematíticos, apresenta uma série de adaptações morfológicas e fiosiológicas, assim como alto grau de endemismo. ABSTRACT(Floristics and characterization of the ferrugineous rocky grasslands at Serra da Calçada, Minas Gerais state, Brazil) Ferrugineous rocky grasslands are a peculiar environment frequently found at the "Quadrilátero Ferrifero" region, Minas Gerais State. The vegetation, associated to hematitic outcrops, presents physiological and morphological adaptations, as well as high levels of endemism. A floristic survey, restricted to phanerogames, and a descriptive characterization of the ferrugineous rocky grasslands of Serra da Calçada are presented. Studies of specimens collected from July 2001 and August 2002 were complemented by exame of collections deposited at BHCB Herbarium. A total of 358 species distributed in 70 families were registred. The richest families were Poaceae (43 spp.), Asteraceae (42 spp.), Fabaceae and Myrtaceae (21 spp. each), Melastomataceae and Orchidaceae (18 spp. each). Most of the species (210 spp.) occur on grassy fields (or "canga nodular"), while 153 occur on rocky fields (or "canga couraçada"), 93 on forest islands and 47 on anthropized areas. Ferrugineus grasslands is under threatened due to mining exploration and urban development, therefore urgent conservation measures are essential to protect threatened plant species.

Myrtaceae throughout the Espinhaço Mountain Range of centraleastern Brazil: floristic relationships and geoclimatic controls

“…In the Northern Espinhaço, Nic Lughadha (1995) reported nine genera and 30 species for the Pico das Almas. Other studies have emphasized the importance of Myrtaceae has also been demonstrated in studies of the floristic composition of other highlands within Minas Gerais, such as the regions known as the "Quadrilátero Ferrífero" (Iron Quadrangle) and "Triângulo Mineiro" (Minas Triangle), as well as the Serra da Mantiqueira Mountain Range (Morais & Lombardi 2006;Viana & Lombardi 2007;Alves & Kolbec 2009). Geology, climate and topography are believed to be the leading factors determining the difference in floristic composition between the Espinhaços and the neighboring highlands (Giulietti et al 1997).…”

Life-forms, pollination and seed dispersal syndromes in plant communities on ironstone outcrops, SE Brazil

“…Our analysis of life forms and syndromes was based on the three current publications which have dealt with fl oristic surveys of ironstone outcrops (known as cangas) in SE Brazil for at least one year: Jacobi et al (2007), Viana & Lombardi (2007) and Mourão & Stehmann (2007). All three studies were performed within the Iron Quadrangle (Fig.…”

“…Th e fi rst was a study of ironstone outcrop vegetation in Serra do Curral (20°03'33" S -44°00'34" W, 1460 m asl) and the southern sector of Serra da Moeda (20°20'06" S -43°56'16" W, 1560 m asl) encompassing 45 ha, which rendered a list of 234 species of vascular plants (Jacobi et al 2007). Th e second was undertaken in the northern sector of Serra da Moeda (20º05'35" S -43º59'01" W, 900-1426 m asl) and complemented with herbarium specimens, totaling 246 species of angiosperms in 75 ha (Viana & Lombardi 2007). Th e last surveyed two sites within Serra do Tamanduá (19º53'08" S -43º26'11" W, 845m asl;19º51'06" S -43 o 22'35" W, 1063m asl), and found 117 species of angiosperms in 35 ha (Mourão & Stehmann 2007).…”

Bromeliaceae do Parque Estadual da Serra do Rola-Moça, Minas Gerais

“…Fruto cápsula, 2,2-1,3 cm, castanho. Viana & Lombardi (2007) citam a ocorrência da espécie para a Serra da Calçada, no Campo Rupestre Ferruginoso, dentro de capão de mata.…”

“…Dada a sua localização dentro do Quadrilátero Ferrífero e a diversidade de formações vegetacionais, o Parque Estadual da Serra do Rola-Moça (PESRM) caracteriza-se não só por uma significativa diversidade biológica, como também pelo alto grau de endemismos (Brandão et al 1997;Meyer et al 2004;Viana & Lombardi 2007;Jacob et al 2007).…”