Changes in expression of interferon-stimulated genes and ubiquitin activating enzyme E1-like in ovine thymus during early pregnancy

Zhang, Leying; Zhao, Zimo; Wang, Yujiao; Li, Ning; Cao, Nan; Yang, Ling

doi:10.1590/1984-3143-ar2019-0134

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…In animal studies, changes in the population of T lymphocytes mainly include an increase in the Th cell population during early pregnancy ( 149 ), a greater percentage of type 2 helper cells in relation to type 1 helper cells ( 148 , 164 ), changes in the toll-like receptor (TLR) expression within thymic epithelial cells, and the synthesis of prostaglandins and proteins stimulated by interferon ( 150 , 151 ). These changes are directly responsible for the phenomenon of fetal immunotolerance, inhibiting the development and activation of a subpopulation of T lymphocytes that can stimulate inflammatory reactions within the uterine endometrium, while maintaining the endometrial and trophoblast defense against pathogens ( 165 ).…”

Section: Thymusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine disorders and fertility and pregnancy: An update

et al. 2023

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It is estimated that more and more couples suffer from fertility and pregnancy maintenance disorders. It is associated with impaired androgen secretion, which is influenced by many factors, ranging from genetic to environmental. It is also important to remember that fertility disorders can also result from abnormal anatomy of the reproductive male and female organ (congenital uterine anomalies – septate, unicornuate, bicornuate uterus; acquired defects of the uterus structure – fibroids, polyps, hypertrophy), disturbed hormonal cycle and obstruction of the fallopian tubes resulting from the presence of adhesions due to inflammation, endometriosis, and surgery, abnormal rhythm of menstrual bleeding, the abnormal concentration of hormones. There are many relationships between the endocrine organs, leading to a chain reaction when one of them fails to function properly. Conditions in which the immune system is involved, including infections and autoimmune diseases, also affect fertility. The form of treatment depends on infertility duration and the patient’s age. It includes ovulation stimulation with clomiphene citrate or gonadotropins, metformin use, and weight loss interventions. Since so many different factors affect fertility, it is important to correctly diagnose what is causing the problem and to modify the treatment regimen if necessary. This review describes disturbances in the hormone secretion of individual endocrine organs in the context of fertility and the maintenance of pregnancy.

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Section: Thymusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine disorders and fertility and pregnancy: An update

et al. 2023

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“…Extensive changes occur in gene expression of pregnant animals' cells, especially ISGs and immune response-related genes (Bauersachs et al, 2006;Walker et al, 2010). Pregnant ewes had a higher expression of ISGs in the thymus (Zhang et al, 2020), higher expression of IL5, and a lower expression of IFNG, IL2, IL4, IL6, and IL10 in the liver (Yang et al, 2019). The expression of anti-inflammatory factors, such as IL10 and transforming growth factor-beta (TGFB) and pro-inflammatory like TNFA, were reported in endometrial and immune cells in cows (Rashid et al, 2018;Shirasuna et al, 2012;Talukder et al, 2017).…”

Section: Immunological Changes During Maternal Recognition Of Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible impact of neutrophils on immune responses during early pregnancy in ruminants

et al. 2021

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The interaction between early embryo and maternal immune system for the establishment of pregnancy is the focus of several studies; however, it remains unclear. The maternal immune response needs to keep a balance between avoiding any damage to the conceptus and maintaining its function in combating microbes as well. When conceptus-maternal crosstalk cannot achieve this balance, pregnancy losses might occur. Intercommunication between mother and conceptus is fundamental during early pregnancy to dictate the outcome of pregnancy. In ruminants, the embryo reacts with the maternal system mainly via interferon tau (IFNT) release. IFNT can act locally on the embryo and endometrial cells and systemically in several tissues and cells to regulate their response via the expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Also, IFNT can induce the expression of inflammatory-related genes in immune cells. Day 7 embryo induces a shift in the maternal immune response towards anti-inflammatory (Th2) immune responses. During maternal recognition of pregnancy, peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) express markers that configure an anti-inflammatory response. However, PMNs response is more sensitive to the effects of IFNT. PMNs are more likely to express interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), transforming growth factor-beta (TGFB), interleukin 10 (IL10), and arginase-1 (ARG1), configuring one of the most rapid immune responses to early pregnancy. This review focus on the local and peripheral immune responses during early pregnancy in ruminants, mainly the PMNs function in the immune system.

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“…Successful pregnancy outcome is implicated in the regulation of maternal regulatory T cells at the maternal–fetal interface, and regulatory T cells are partly derived from the thymus, which improve maternal tolerance to the fetus in pregnancy 14 . It has been reported that early pregnancy affects expression of P4 receptor, P4-induced blocking factor, T-helper cytokines, prostaglandin synthases, melatonin receptors 1, cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4), gonadotropin releasing hormone and its receptor in the maternal thymus in sheep 7 , 15 – 18 . In addition, toll-like receptor pathway and complement system are involved in the immune regulation of the maternal thymus during early pregnancy in sheep 19 , 20 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in expression of nuclear factor kappa B subunits in the ovine thymus during early pregnancy

Yang

Cai

Fang

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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There is a pregnant maternal immunological tolerance that protects the fetus and promotes its growth, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) family participates in the regulation of innate immune and adaptive immune responses. The thymus is related to establishing central tolerance, and early pregnancy has effects on expression of a good number of genes and proteins in the maternal thymus in sheep. However, it is unclear whether early pregnancy changes expression of NF-κB subunits in the ovine thymus. In this study, the thymic samples were collected from day 16 of non-pregnant ewes, and days 13, 16 and 25 of pregnant ewes, and the expression of NF-κB members (NF-κB1, NF-κB2, RelA, RelB and c-Rel) was analyzed through real-time quantitative PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemical analysis. The results showed that c-Rel mRNA and protein upregulated at day 25 of pregnancy, and NF-κB1 mRNA and proteins increased at days 16 and 25 of pregnancy, and RelB mRNA and proteins enhanced during early pregnancy. However, expression levels of NF-κB2 and RelA were decreased during early pregnancy, but upregulated from day 13 to 25 of pregnancy. In addition, the RelA protein was located in the epithelial reticular cells, capillaries and thymic corpuscles. This paper reported for the first time that early pregnancy induced expression of NF-κB1, RelB and c-Rel, but inhibited expression of NF-κB2 and RelA in the maternal thymus during early pregnancy, which is involved in the central immune tolerance, and helpful for successful pregnancy in sheep.

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Changes in expression of interferon-stimulated genes and ubiquitin activating enzyme E1-like in ovine thymus during early pregnancy

Abstract: in expression of interferon-stimulated genes and ubiquitin activating enzyme E1-like in ovine thymus during early pregnancy. Anim Reprod. 2020;17(2):e20190134.

Cited by 15 publications

References 51 publications

Endocrine disorders and fertility and pregnancy: An update

Endocrine disorders and fertility and pregnancy: An update

Possible impact of neutrophils on immune responses during early pregnancy in ruminants

Changes in expression of nuclear factor kappa B subunits in the ovine thymus during early pregnancy

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