Hypertriglyceridemic Waist and Associated Factors in Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Objective: To assess the frequency of the hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype and its associated factors in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Methods: This is an observational analytical study with individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus, aged 5 to 18 years, of both genders, followed in a university hospital in the Brazilian Northeast. Weight, height, and waist circumference were measured, and the lipid profile and glycated hemoglobin were analyzed. The hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype was defined by the simultaneous presence of increased waist circumference (≥90th percentile for age and gender) and elevated serum triglyceride levels (≥75 mg/dL for children and ≥90 mg/dL for adolescents). We also investigated the family history of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, as well as sociodemographic and behavioral variables. In the statistical inference tests, the proportions were compared by Pearson’s chi-square test and/or Fisher’s exact test, being significant p<0.05. Results: A total of 102 patients were evaluated, most of them females (54.9%) and adolescents (66.7%). The frequency of hypertriglyceridemic waist was 23.5%, which was associated with females (p=0.043), overweight (p=0.023), hypercholesterolemia (p=0.002), high LDL (p=0.001), and borderline VLDL (<0.001). Conclusions: The frequency of the hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype was associated with females, atherogenic lipid profile, and overweight, indicating the importance of the nutritional monitoring of this population, aiming at reducing future cardiovascular diseases.

The Problem of Abnormal Body Weight and Dyslipidemia as Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes

“…Abnormal levels of total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C, and HDL-C were found in 63.5%, 34.2%, and 22.0%, respectively [ 7 ]. An unmodified risk factor, which was associated with both a higher incidence of overweight and an impaired lipid profile, was female gender [ 3 , 4 , 8 ].…”

“…The incidence of HTGW in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes was 23.5%. It was associated with overweight and elevated levels of total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C, and VLDL limit values [ 8 ].…”