Situação epidemiológica da coqueluche no Distrito Federal entre 2007 e 2016

Abstract

Resumo A vigilância da coqueluche intensificou-se no Brasil com o aumento de casos a partir de 2012. Em 2015, a quantidade de notificações no Distrito Federal diminuiu, possivelmente devido à introdução da vacina adsorvida difteria, tétano e pertussis acelular para gestantes em novembro de 2014 no país. Trata-se de estudo descritivo, baseado na revisão das notificações compulsórias de coqueluche no Sistema de Notificação Nacional entre 2007 e 2016. Constatou-se que a doença atinge principalmente crianças menores de 1 ano com esquemas vacinais incompletos. A administração dessa vacina para gestantes mostrou-se importante ferramenta para proteger bebês menores de 6 meses.

Perfil epidemiológico da coqueluche na Região Norte do Brasil nos anos de 2017 a 2020 / Epidemiological profile of pertussis in the North Region of Brazil in the years of 2017 to 2020

“…Sendo assim, percebe-se que a bactéria B. pertussis não possui predileção por gênero. Ainda de acordo com Pinto 10 O presente estudo constatou que os menores de um ano são os mais acometidos pela coqueluche, seguidos pela faixa etária de 1-4 e 5-9 anos (Tabela 2), sendo esse resultado compatível com os obtidos por outros autores 9,11,12 . Comprovando portando que por serem um grupo mais vulnerável para morbimortalidade, a coqueluche afeta principalmente os lactentes.…”

Analysis of the time series of pertussis in Brazil from 2010 to 2019

“…1,2 Despite being a vaccinepreventable disease by the pentavalent vaccine (DTP + Hib + Hep.B), it is still considered a public health problem because it is responsible for significant infant morbidity and mortality. 1,3,4 According to the World Health Organization (WHO), it is estimated that around 30-50 million cases and 300,000 deaths are reported worldwide per year, the majority of which involving children under six months of age and infants; it may manifest in its severe form and culminate in the negative outcome of death. 5 Furthermore, for Trevizan e Coutinho 6 e Bricks, 7 the increase in cases of pertussis is particularly important, once it is possible to identify that its prevalence is concentrated in children under one year of age (about 70% of cases), and it also occurs more frequently in threemonth-old children, as they have not yet received all three doses of the vaccine.…”

“…From a clinical perspective, the main symptom presented is a persistent cough which lasts from 10 to 14 days, in addition to paroxysmal cough, vomiting, cyanosis and the presence of leukocytosis above 20,000 cells/mm, presented by the laboratory test. 2,4 Historically, the coverage expansion of the triple bacterial and tetravalent vaccines from the 1990s onwards contributed significantly to the reduction in the prevalence of pertussis in the country, from 10.6 cases per 100 thousand inhabitants (inhab) at the beginning of the decade to 0.32/100 thousand inhab, once the vaccination coverage increased from 70% to over 95%. However, in 2011 there was an unexpected and sudden increase in pertussis cases, which remained through 2013 and 2014.…”