Influence of intercropping and monocropping systems on fava bean cultivation under saline stress

Abstract

The fava bean crop makes an important socioeconomic contribution to the Northeast region of Brazil. However, in this region, there is a quantitative and qualitative shortage of water, being necessary the use of brackish water for irrigation. This study aimed to evaluate the saline stress on the yield and water-use efficiency in fava bean crop cultivated under monoculture and intercropping systems. The experiment was conducted under field conditions, using a randomized blocks experimental design, in a 5 × 2 factorial arrangement, with four replications. The first factor corresponded to five levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 and 5.0 dS m−1) and the second comprised two cropping systems: fava bean grown in monoculture and intercropped with corn. The salt stress negatively affected the number of pods in the intercropped system, but with less intensity. The increase of salts in the irrigation water reduces the pod length, diameter and mass, as well as the yield and water-use efficiency, while the monoculture system is less affected by these effects.