Yield and quality of tomato grown in a hydroponic system, with different planting densities and number of bunches per plant

Cardoso, Flávio Barcellos; Martínez, Herminia; Silva, Derly José Henriques da; Milagres, Carla do Carmo; Barbosa, José Geraldo

doi:10.1590/1983-40632018v4852611

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Longer plants and higher yields may be due to lower radiation inside the greenhouse than in the field and to a longer time with better climatological conditions during the day that allow the plants to carry out photosynthesis (QIU et al, 2013). Similar to the obtained under conditions of greenhouse and field in P. ixocarpa by RAMOS-LÓPEZ et al (2018), SOLDEVILLA-CANALES et al (2002) and Solanum lycopersicum by CARDOSO et al (2018). Plants cultivated in spring-summer (SS) had higher values of plant length and stem diameter (Table 1), it is probably due to the 4 ºC increase in temperature with respect to autumn-winter (AW), to the rains in the field, and higher relative humidity (Figure 2).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

Variation in the hectolitre weight of wheat grain for equipment and sample size

et al. 2022

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Physalis ixocarpa Brot. (tomatillo or Husk tomato) is one of the five major vegetables cultivated in Mexico, but its yield in the field is low. However, greenhouse crops and the enhancement in plant density can promote an increase in yield per area. The aim of this research was to evaluate: yield, water consumption and water use efficiency of variety husk tomato ‘Diamante’. The experiment was conducted under field and greenhouse conditions, during the two crop cycles (autumn-winter and spring-summer), with different planting densities (1.5, 2 and 3 plants m-2), in complete random blocks and three replications. The yield was influenced by the planting density and environments. In both environments, the planting density, with 3 plants m-2 increased yield 32 %, and 25% in water use efficiency (WUE). In greenhouse increased 32% yield m-2 and the WUE it was 18.1 kg m-3 while in the field was 16.4 kg m-3. Crop cycle spring-summer produced differences of 27% in plant length and 15% in stem diameter, probably due to the temperature that was 4 ºC higher with respect to autumn-winter.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

Variation in the hectolitre weight of wheat grain for equipment and sample size

et al. 2022

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“…Tomato is a vegetable of great economic and social importance in Brazil, and it is cultivated in several regions of the country (Franca et al 2017). However, one of the major challenges in the tomato cultivation is obtaining good quality fruits with a high yield (Cardoso et al 2018). On the other hand, considering the current scenario, regarding the use of ecologically correct products, the growing demand for pesticide-free fruits has helped cherry tomato crops to gain prominence in the dynamics of family agriculture; and the products of these crops have been…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield characteristics of cherry tomato cultivated with and without shading screen at different irrigation levels

Santiago

Oliveira

Leitão

et al. 2018

Pesqui. Agropecu. Trop.

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The use of shading screen in vegetable crops sensitive to the radiation excess, associated with the effective water use via irrigation, allows for yield gains. This study aimed to evaluate the yield characteristics of cherry tomato cultivated with and without shading screen and different irrigation levels. A randomized block design was used, in a 4 x 2 factorial arrangement, with four irrigation levels (140 %, 160 %, 180 % and 200 % of the reference evapotranspiration - ETo) and two cherry tomato hybrids (Wanda and Dolcetto). The irrigation level corresponding to 200 % of the ETo provided the highest values for number of flowers and clusters formed, number of fruits per plant and fruit diameter. The Wanda hybrid was more fruitful, with a higher emission of clusters, while Dolcetto was more floriferous. The use of shade screen for cultivating cherry tomato provides an increase in the yield characteristics, if compared to the cultivation in open areas.

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“…Various trends were noted for effects of plant density on metabolism, and increased density was reported to increase, decrease, or to have no effect on production of various metabolites. For example, carotenoid concentration of paprika ( Capsicum annuum ) (Cavero et al, 2001 ) and tarragon ( Artemisia dracunculus ) (Nurzyńska-Wierdak and Zawiślak, 2014 ) decreased with the increase in plant density; essential oil production in tarragon increased with the increase in plant density (Nurzyńska-Wierdak and Zawiślak, 2014 ); and in hydroponic-cultivated tomatoes ( Solanum lycopersicum ) plant spacing did not affect carotenoids, lycopene, and citric acid production (Cardoso et al, 2018 ). We know of no other study that evaluated effects of plant density on secondary metabolism in drug-type - medical cannabis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reduced area available for the shoot under high plant density induces morphological adaptations such as elongation or retarded growth (Xiao et al, 2006 ). In agricultural practices, to optimize growth under higher densities, plant architecture is often altered, aiming at achieving an optimal ratio of shoot-size/yield, and reduced shading, to facilitate sufficient light penetration to the canopy (Kool, 1997 ; Maboko et al, 2011 ; Oga and Umekwe, 2016 ; Cardoso et al, 2018 ; Ayala-tafoya and Yáñez-juárez, 2019 ). Ideal plant density is, therefore, closely related to shoot architecture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Too Dense or Not Too Dense: Higher Planting Density Reduces Cannabinoid Uniformity but Increases Yield/Area in Drug-Type Medical Cannabis

Danziger

Bernstein²

2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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A major challenge for utilizing cannabis for modern medicine is the spatial variability of cannabinoids in the plant, which entail differences in medical potency. Since secondary metabolism is affected by environmental conditions, a key trigger for the variability in secondary metabolites throughout the plant is variation in local micro-climates. We have, therefore, hypothesized that plant density, which is well-known to alter micro-climate in the canopy, affects spatial standardization, and concentrations of cannabinoids in cannabis plants. Canopy density is affected by shoot architecture and by plant spacing, and we have therefore evaluated the interplay between plant architecture and plant density on the standardization of the cannabinoid profile in the plant. Four plant architecture modulation treatments were employed on a drug-type medicinal cannabis cultivar, under a density of 1 or 2 plants/m2. The plants were cultivated in a naturally lit greenhouse with photoperiodic light supplementation. Analysis of cannabinoid concentrations at five locations throughout the plant was used to evaluate treatment effects on chemical uniformity. The results revealed an effect of plant density on cannabinoid standardization, as well as an interaction between plant density and plant architecture on the standardization of cannabinoids, thus supporting the hypothesis. Increasing planting density from 1 to 2 plants/m2 reduced inflorescence yield/plant, but increased yield quantity per area by 28–44% in most plant architecture treatments. The chemical response to plant density and architecture modulation was cannabinoid-specific. Concentrations of cannabinoids in axillary inflorescences from the bottom of the plants were up to 90% lower than in the apical inflorescence at the top of the plant, considerably reducing plant uniformity. Concentrations of all detected cannabinoids in these inflorescences were lower at the higher density plants; however, cannabinoid yield per cultivation area was not affected by neither architecture nor density treatments. Cannabigerolic acid (CBGA) was the cannabinoid least affected by spatial location in the plant. The morpho-physiological response of the plants to high density involved enhanced leaf drying at the bottom of the plants, increased plant elongation, and reduced cannabinoid concentrations, suggesting an involvement of chronic light deprivation at the bottom of the plants. Therefore, most importantly, under high density growth, architectural modulating treatments that facilitate increased light penetration to the bottom of the plant such as “Defoliation”, or that eliminated inflorescences development at the bottom of the plant such as removal of branches from the lower parts of the plant, increased chemical standardization. This study revealed the importance of plant density and architecture for chemical quality and standardization in drug-type medical cannabis.

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Yield and quality of tomato grown in a hydroponic system, with different planting densities and number of bunches per plant

Cited by 17 publications

References 24 publications

Variation in the hectolitre weight of wheat grain for equipment and sample size

Variation in the hectolitre weight of wheat grain for equipment and sample size

Yield characteristics of cherry tomato cultivated with and without shading screen at different irrigation levels

Too Dense or Not Too Dense: Higher Planting Density Reduces Cannabinoid Uniformity but Increases Yield/Area in Drug-Type Medical Cannabis

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