Percepção ambiental das artesãs que usam as folhas de carnaúba (Copernicia prunifera H.E.Moore, Arecaceae) na Área de Proteção Ambiental Delta do Parnaíba, Piauí, Brasil

Abstract

RESuMO:Este estudo investigou os aspectos socioeconômicos e a percepção ambiental das artesãs que subsistem da confecção de artesanato de folhas de carnaúba na Área ABSTRACT:This study investigated the socioeconomic aspects and environmental perception of artisans that subsists making handicrafts of the leaves of carnauba palm (Copernicia prunifera H. E. Moore) in the Delta do Parnaíba Environmental Protection Area, located in Paranaíba municipality, Piauí state. We interviewed 36 artisans belonging to communities Fazendinha, Vazantinha and Pedra do Sal, using semi-structured questionnaires. In parallel, the plant management was followed. The crafts are made by women with age ranging from 20 to 60 years and low education. They live deprived of basic sanitation, schools and public health of quality. The perception about the plant is attributed to carnauba utilitarian features. In the three communities damage to plant involves estate speculation. The artisans of Fazendinha and Vazantinha did not express a conservationist conscience, prevailing capitalist perception. In the community of Pedra do Sal, the artisans promote an environmental conservation. They contact environmental agencies and protest against the devastation of carnauba forest. It was observed that although artisans share the same activity, they have different perceptions of the environment and resource explored. Especially in the Fazendinha community is necessary construction of environmental education to promote a sustainable extraction.

Use, Perception, and Local Management of Copernicia Prunifera (Miller) H. E. Moore in Rural Communities in the Brazilian Savanna

“…Although the leaf (straw) has had several indications of uses, the main category was economic, that is, the pure extraction of straw leaves to remove the powder, and later commercialize it. This data corroborates the study by Vieira and Loiola [25] who indicated the economic importance of carnaúba straw by traditional artisans in the northern state of Piauí. The importance of the extraction powder, production wax and carnaúba leaves was also observed in the study by Sousa et al [26], also indicating the fruit and stem as important parts of the species.…”

Knowledge, Uses and Practices of the Licuri Palm (Syagrus Coronata(Mart.) Becc.) around Protected Areas in Northeastern Brazil Holding the Endangered Species Lear's Macaw (Anodorhynchus Leari)

“…The harvest of the licuri leaf and the production of handicrafts were typically undertaken by women (Table 1), as has been found previously for other palm trees [6,12,13,24,[51][52][53]. Overall, the known and practiced uses of licuri were only influenced by income and age.…”

“…However, the fact that artisans from Chuquê differentiate from the others in their reduced knowledge on the uses, shows that the occurrence of strong correlation does not imply that communities are similar in their relationship to the resource even when they exploit it for the same purpose [6]. Many factors can influence them including socioeconomic [4,7,13,[24][25][26][48][49][50], biological [27][28][29], environmental [30,31] and cultural [3,8,23,26], and significant interactions among these factors also can occur [20,28].…”

Traditional knowledge and perception of birds in the Parnaíba Delta environmental protection area, Northeast Brazil

“…99.274 on August 28, 1996; the APA comprises the entire coastline of Piauí State, as well as parts of the states of Maranhão and Ceara (Figure 1). The Parnaíba Delta APA was created to protect the mouths of the Ubatuba, Timonha, and Parnaíba rivers, improve the quality of life of resident populations by orienting and disciplining local economic activities, foment ecological tourism and environmental education, and preserve local cultures and traditions (Vieira & Loiola, 2014). The regional climate is type Aw by the Koppen classification system, with a rainy season from January to June and a dry season from July through December (Bastos, Andrade Junior, & Rodrigues, 2011).…”