Short-term respiratory exercise effects, different environments, pulmonary functional and physical capacity in elderly

Abstract

Introduction: Aging is often associated with reduced functional capacity (FC) and respiratory muscle strength (RMS). Objective: To verify the short-term aquatic and land-based respiratory exercise effects on RMS, pulmonary function, FC and palmar grip strength (PGS) in healthy elderly women. Methods: A blinded, randomized, controlled clinical trial was conducted. The sample was composed by 32 elderly women, randomized in two groups: Land-Based Group (LG), and Hydrotherapy Group (HG). Exercise program was performed in two weekly sessions (40 minutes each), during four weeks. Evaluations (anthropometry, manovacuometry and spirometry) were performed; FC by the 6-minute Walk Test (6MWT), and PGS test. All evaluations were performed before and after four-week intervention. Results: About RMS evaluation, there was an improvement in the Maximum Expiratory Pressure (MEP) values from 63.8 ± 19 to 74 ± 20 (p = 0.007) of HG. LG had an increase in forced expiratory flow (FEF) between 25-75% of forced vital capacity (FEF 25-75%) from 82 ± 29 to 101 ± 26 (p = 0.04). There was no statistically significant PGS improvement and walking 6MWT distance in both groups. HG presented lower values of Initial Heart Rate and Diastolic Blood Pressure, both pre (p = 0.006) and post 6MWT (p = 0.041). Conclusion: It may be suggested that, in the short-term, the respiratory exercise aquatic protocol has positive effects on the MEP and cardiovascular parameters in elderly.

Performance muscular respiratória de idosos praticantes de atividade física nas modalidades aquática e terrestre

“…Essa associação à boa condição de saúde dos participantes também foi feita em um estudo realizado com idosas ativas, onde foi observado valores de volumes e fluxos respiratório acima dos níveis de referência 24 . Em outro estudo 25 , 32 idosas foram divididas em dois grupos, o grupo solo e o grupo hidroterapia, no qual realizavam exercícios respiratórios em solo e em ambiente aquático. Ao término do estudo, demonstrou-se que em curto prazo, o protocolo de exercícios respiratórios em ambiente aquático tem efeitos positivos sobre pressão expiratória máxima.…”

Benefí­cios da atividade fí­sica em idosos do projeto de extensão Vida Ativa/UNATI

“…Parte de uma inspiração máxima e realiza uma expiração forçada no aparelho para mensurar a PeMáx. Realiza-se a PiMáx e PeMáx três vezes com descanso de um minuto no intervalo das medidas, adotando-se o maior valor [5].…”