Evaluation of the Pozzolanic Activity of Glass Powder in Three Maximum Grain Sizes

Abstract

The addition of pozzolans has a potentially important role in the cement industry since using waste from other industries has important environmental benefits, including reduced CO 2 emissions from cement production. This study evaluates the pozzolanic activity of the glass powder in three different particle sizes (150 µm, 75 µm, and 45 µm, upper limits) and compares the results with those of other added pozzolans and technical standards found in the literature. Pozzolanicity was determined by four methods: Pozzolanic Activity Index (PAI) with lime, Performance Index (PI) with Portland cement, electric conductivity, and modified Chapelle. The results of the Chapelle and electrical conductivity trials indicated the pozzolanic activity of glass powder in all three particle sizes studied. The results of PAI with lime revealed pozzolanic activity of the 45 µm fraction while the performance index with cement showed the pozzolanicity of the 75 µm and 45 µm fractions according to ASTM C 618-05 (2005). It is concluded that the smallest glass fractions provided better reaction rates due to larger contact surfaces and are, therefore, considered pozzolans.

Eco-Innovative UHPC—Enhancing Sustainability, Workability, and Ductility with Recycled Glass Cullet Powder and Plastic Bottle Hybrid Fibers

“…This ground glass type has emerged as a viable alternative to traditional additives in cement (supplementary cementation material (SCM)). Scholarly articles, including key studies by Borges et al [24] and Wang et al in [25], have confirmed that these glass additives interact well chemically and mechanically with cement, making them a feasible choice for creating strong and durable concrete. The efficacy of this approach is primarily attributed to transforming glass waste into glass powder (GP) [26][27][28].…”

Physical and Mechanical Properties of Concrete Made with Glass Sand

“…According to the research carried out by [24], the results of the performance index with Portland cement indicate pozzolanic activity for the glass fractions #200 and #325 in the criteria of the American standard. Although the strength gain was slower in concrete with glass powder, as mixtures containing glass powder have a satisfactory performance in relation to drying shrinkage and alkaline reactivity, and there were indications that glass powder reduces the penetrability of the chloride ion of concrete, as well as the risk of chloride-induced corrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete [25].…”

Influence of chemical pretreatment on the pozzolanicity of recycled glass microparticles used as a substitute for Portland cement

“…In order to verify the pozzolanicity of the different glass parameters used indirectly (through mechanical resistance), the standard establishes that the mortar containing 25% of cement replacement by the supposedly pozzolanic material must reach a minimum limit of 90% of the compressive strength of the reference mortar (100% cement), for the material to be considered pozzolanic. By the criterion of NBR 5752 (21), all particle sizes used were considered pozzolanic, it can be seen that both for treated and untreated particles, the smaller the particle size used, the better the mechanical result, as in recent works that investigated the influence of granulometry on the pozzolanic properties of glass (25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30).…”

“…Many authors have investigated and proposed physical methods to enhance the pozzolanic properties of glass by reducing the size of glass particles and consequently increasing their surface area. It is widely agreed that reducing particle size and increasing surface area of glass effectively alters the kinetics of the chemical reaction toward the pozzolanic reaction (5,(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30). However, some authors discuss chemical pretreatments/methods aiming to increase the pozzolanicity of SCMs (31)(32)(33).…”