Materials Selection of Optimized Titanium Alloys for Aircraft Applications

Abstract

The aim of the present work was to explore the correlation between the physical metallurgy of titanium alloys and its main attributes to select optimized materials for structural aircraft applications in the landing gear beam. The Ashby's method was employed as the materials selection strategy to consolidate and evaluate the data collected from the current literature in a comprehensive and consistent analysis. Landing gear beam materials are mainly β and near-β alloys. Considering the need for high specific strength and fatigue resistance, the best candidate among them was Ti-3.5Al-5Mo-6V-3Cr-2Sn-0.5Fe alloy. Finally, a brief discussion of additional aspects related to alloy design, microstructural features and their influence on the mechanical properties is presented.

Vanadium: Risks and possible benefits in the light of a comprehensive overview of its pharmacotoxicological mechanisms and multi-applications with a summary of further research trends

“…Non-iron alloys containing V are also used in space technology and nuclear power industry. Moreover, steel with V was well suited for production of armored fighting vehicles used during the Second World War [11][12][13][14][15][16]. More details about V-containing steel and alloys, which were and still are used to produce various structural components of aircraft, weapon, rocket engines, etc., are summarized in the following table (Table 1).…”

“…8 5-6 1.5-2.5 V 5-6 [14,20] Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al Component parts for aircraft (landing gear, parts responsible for take-off and landing) Ti Al Fe 82.8-86. 8 2.6-3.4 1.6-2.2 V 9.0-11.0 [12][13][14]16]…”

“…Component parts for aircraft (hulls, wires) Ti Al Cr Sn 76 2.5-3.5 2.5-3.5 2.5-3.5 V 14-16 [13,14,16] Ti-3Al-8V-6Cr-4Mo-4Zr 7.5-8.5 [14,16] Ti-3.5Al-5Mo-6V-3Cr-2Sn-0.5Fe…”

“…Ti Mo Al Cr ~87 5 5 3 V 5 [16] Ti-3Al-8V-6Cr-4Zr-4Mo Ti Al Cr Zr Mo ~83 3 6 4 4 V 8 [16,20] J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f Table 2. Vanadium-containing biomaterials and their use in medical devices.…”

Thermodynamic Analysis of the Formation of FCC and BCC Solid Solutions of Ti-Based Ternary Alloys by Mechanical Alloying

“…Ti 2 AlNb alloys have received considerable attention as new potential structural materials in advanced gas turbine jet engines [6]. Other alloys used or evaluated extensively in aerospace, missile and space as well as other high-performance applications include Ti-6V-2Sn-2Zr2Cr-2Mo-Si, Ti-6Al-6V-2Sn, Ti-10V-2Fe-3A1 and Ti-13V-11Cr-3A1 [7]. The chemical industry has been interested principally in the commercially pure CP-Ti with palladium additions (Ti-0.7%Pd) due to its high corrosion resistance, and with Ti-6Al-4V for its high mechanical resistance [8].…”