Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer and Epoxy Adhesive Tensile Test Failure Analysis Using Scanning Electron Microscopy

Hernández, D.; Soufen, Carlos Alberto; Orlandi, Marcelo Ornaghi

doi:10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2017-0229

Cited by 48 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…© 2020 Wiley-VCH GmbH as well as carbon fiber composites [35,36] and is attributed to sequential failure CNT bundles and CNT-polymer interfaces, as well as redistribution of stress as loading proceeds.…”

Section: (9 Of 12)mentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Interfacial Polymerization: A Technique for Rapid Formation of Highly Loaded Carbon Nanotube‐Polymer Composites

Chazot

Jons

Hart

2020

Adv Funct Materials

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Composites of polymers and organized carbon nanotube (CNT) networks have been proposed as next-generation lightweight structural materials, yet polymer infiltration of CNT networks often results in stress-concentrating heterogeneities, due to local CNT aggregation or incomplete infiltration. Herein, it is demonstrated that dense CNT-polymer composites with tailored polymer distribution can be obtained by interfacial polymerization (IP), performed in situ within CNT networks. Three regimes of the in situ interfacial polymerization (ISIP) process are identified: a reaction-limited regime where the polymer forms beads on the CNTs; a uniformly-filled regime with polymer throughout the CNT network; and a transport-limited regime with polymer only near the outer surface of the network. Uniform polyamide-CNT composite sheets obtained by this method have a Young's modulus of 31 GPa and a tensile strength of 776 MPa, which is a twofold increase compared to the pristine CNT sheets. Premature failure of the composites is attributed to large voids in the pristine CNT sheets, suggesting that further improved mechanical properties can be achieved with a more homogeneous CNT network. Nevertheless, the rapid rate and overall controllability of ISIP suggest its viability for formation of polymers within CNT networks via roll-to-roll methods.

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Section: (9 Of 12)mentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Interfacial Polymerization: A Technique for Rapid Formation of Highly Loaded Carbon Nanotube‐Polymer Composites

Chazot

Jons

Hart

2020

Adv Funct Materials

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“…The interactions between the crystal units are modeled as an interface between volume elements. The linear experimental results of the carbon fibers are potentially due to the inability to entirely control a single filament to the extent that progressive damage near the ultimate strength can be observed [ 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ]. The benefit of the digital twin approach is that the loading conditions are perfectly controlled, and any potential nanoscale nonlinearity can be explored concerning the carbon fiber internal structure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Digital Twin Approach to a Quantitative Microstructure-Property Study of Carbon Fibers through HRTEM Characterization and Multiscale FEA

2020

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Microstructures of typical carbon fibers (CFs) from polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and pitch-based precursors were studied using a novel digital twin approach with individual carbon fibers for a local crystal scale model. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) samples were prepared using a focused-ion beam (FIB) for both longitudinal and transverse directions of carbon fibers. Measurements of the crystal size and orientation were estimated from X-ray scattering. TEM imaging of graphitic packing facilitated further comprehension of associations between processing and final material properties, which could enable customization of microstructures for property targets. Then the detailed microstructural information and their X-ray scattering properties were incorporated into the simulation model of an individual carbon fiber. Assuming that graphene properties are the same among different forms of carbon fiber, a reasonable physics-based explanation for such a drastic decrease in strength is the dislocations between the graphitic units. The model reveals critical defects and uncertainty of carbon fiber microstructures, including skin/core alignment differences and propagating fracture before ultimate failure. The models are the first to quantify microstructures at the crystal scale with micromechanics and to estimate tensile and compressive mechanical properties of carbon fiber materials, as well as potentially develop new fundamental understandings for tailoring carbon fiber and composites properties.

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“…These characteristics made epoxy composites to be used in industrial applications such as adhesives, coatings, electronics, encapsulation, and laminates. To improve the aforesaid properties nanofillers are introduced to epoxy matrix which is examined by mechanical and thermal analysis of neat polymer and nanocomposites to monitor change of nanofiller curing [7][8][9][10]. A promising method to study the efficiency of nanofillers is calculating interfacial interaction between the nanofiller and the polymer matrix that can facilitate and reduce costs of unnecessary tests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Interaction between Nanofillers and Epoxy on Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Nanocomposites: Theoretical Prediction and Experimental Analysis

Khostavan

Fazli

Ahangari

et al. 2019

Advances in Polymer Technology

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Interfacial interaction between host matrix and nanofillers is a determinative parameter on the mechanical and thermal properties of nanocomposites. In this paper, we first investigated interaction between carbon nanotube (CNT) and montmorillonite clay (MMT) absorbing on epoxy surface in a theoretical study based on the density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Results showed the interaction energy of -1.93 and -0.11 eV for MMT/epoxy and CNT/epoxy, respectively. Therefore, the interaction between epoxy polymer and MMT is of the chemisorptions type, while epoxy physically interacts with CNT. In addition, thermal and mechanical analyses were conducted on nanocomposites. In DSC analysis the glass transition temperature which was 70°C in neat epoxy composite showed an improvement to about 90°C in MMT nanocomposites while it was about 70°C for CNT nanocomposites. Finally, mechanical properties were investigated and MMT nanocomposite showed a change in compressive strength which increased from 52.60 Mpa to 72.07 and 92.98 Mpa in CNT and MMT nanocomposites, respectively. Also tensile strength improved to the value of 1250.69 Mpa MMT nanocomposites while it was about 890 Mpa in both CNT nanocomposite and neat epoxy composite which corresponds to the calculation result prediction.

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Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer and Epoxy Adhesive Tensile Test Failure Analysis Using Scanning Electron Microscopy

Cited by 48 publications

References 21 publications

In Situ Interfacial Polymerization: A Technique for Rapid Formation of Highly Loaded Carbon Nanotube‐Polymer Composites

In Situ Interfacial Polymerization: A Technique for Rapid Formation of Highly Loaded Carbon Nanotube‐Polymer Composites

A Digital Twin Approach to a Quantitative Microstructure-Property Study of Carbon Fibers through HRTEM Characterization and Multiscale FEA

The Effect of Interaction between Nanofillers and Epoxy on Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Nanocomposites: Theoretical Prediction and Experimental Analysis

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