Práticas Avançadas em Enfermagem no Brasil: como estamos e o que falta?

Abstract

RESUMO Objetivo: Refletir sobre o papel e as iniciativas da Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem (ABEn) e do Conselho Federal de Enfermagem (Cofen) no desenvolvimento, reconhecimento e regulamentação necessários à implantação da Enfermagem de Prática Avançada (EPA) no Brasil. Método: Ensaio teórico-reflexivo resultante da mesa-redonda intitulada “Regulamentação e reconhecimento das práticas avançadas em enfermagem no Brasil: Como estamos e o que falta?”, realizada em maio de 2021, no III Simpósio Internacional de Saúde do Adulto. Resultados: Fica evidenciado que a ABEn e o Cofen são parceiros estratégicos para definição das áreas de atuação desta especialização no país. As responsabilidades das organizações da Enfermagem consistem em definir o perfil profissional, o currículo, as condições para o exercício dos enfermeiros de prática avançada, adequação dos cursos de pós-graduação existentes, com vistas ao apoio técnico, liderança política, regulação, regulamentação e construção de bases para EPA no país. Conclusão: É preciso ampliar o debate sobre a EPA no Brasil, definir o modelo de formação e articular esforços com todos os parceiros estratégicos, no intuito de construir um arcabouço teórico, político e laboral para o pleno exercício profissional do enfermeiro de prática avançada.

Enfermagem em Prática Avançada no pronto atendimento: uma reflexão promissora

“…In this discussion, the reflection on the 24-HOUR UPA as a scenario for the Advanced Practice of Nurses sheds light on three aspects that are indispensable for the assistance, namely: the need for improvements in urgency and emergency services, the need for investment and nursing valorization, and the need to improve care provided to the population. According to Püschel 2022 Brazil's health scenarios are very favorable for EPA implementation, however, there are numerous challenges to be faced, such as: definition of the practice of the EPA professional, regulation of the actions of these professionals, consolidation of legislation and regulation by the class council, minimum structured training for EPA work, in addition to discussion of the remuneration of these professionals (1) . The implementation of EPA in Brazil is ongoing, representing a strategic decision of great importance for government policies that seek to expand the role of nurses, with the main objective of increasing the population's access to high-quality health services and professionals.…”

“…The area of health has undergone several changes over time, and with this, the need arises for health professionals to keep up to date and constantly search for knowledge. One of the main health professionals are the nurses, who are considered the main link between patients and health services and are responsible for ensuring health care (1) . In 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO), together with the Pan American Health Organization, declared it to be "the year of nurse and midwife " , launching the "Nursing Now" campaign that foresees actions that strengthen nursing practices, including Advanced Practice Nursing (EPA), specialized nurses with specialized knowledge, capable of making complex decisions, besides specific clinical skills for the development of certain actions, thus bringing together high-performance health care, theory, practice, teaching, research and management (2,3) .…”

“…A study in the West Pacific region presented five main areas of EPA activity, one of which was emergency care, the need for consolidation of legislation, remuneration, and strengthening of national support networks was also highlighted (6) . EPA has been present in developed countries such as the United Kingdom, the United States, and Canada since 1960, in these countries, the EPA has the function of guaranteeing and optimizing access to health services for the population, especially in vulnerable populations (1) . In Brazil, compliance with the basic principles of the Unified Health System (SUS) is one of the greatest challenges, especially compliance with the principle of universality.…”

Enfermagem em Prática Avançada no pronto atendimento: uma reflexão promissora

“…The area of health has undergone several changes over time, and with this, the need arises for health professionals to keep up to date and constantly search for knowledge. One of the main health professionals are the nurses, who are considered the main link between patients and health services and are responsible for ensuring health care (1) . In 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO), together with the Pan American Health Organization, declared it to be "the year of nurse and midwife " , launching the "Nursing Now" campaign that foresees actions that strengthen nursing practices, including Advanced Practice Nursing (EPA), specialized nurses with specialized knowledge, capable of making complex decisions, besides specific clinical skills for the development of certain actions, thus bringing together high-performance health care, theory, practice, teaching, research and management (2,3) .…”

“…A study in the West Pacific region presented five main areas of EPA activity, one of which was emergency care, the need for consolidation of legislation, remuneration, and strengthening of national support networks was also highlighted (6) . EPA has been present in developed countries such as the United Kingdom, the United States, and Canada since 1960, in these countries, the EPA has the function of guaranteeing and optimizing access to health services for the population, especially in vulnerable populations (1) . In Brazil, compliance with the basic principles of the Unified Health System (SUS) is one of the greatest challenges, especially compliance with the principle of universality.…”