Resiliência psicológica: fator de proteção para idosos no contexto ambulatorial

Abstract

Palavras-chave: ResiliênciaPsicológica. Funcionalidade. Sintomas Depressivos. Idoso. ResumoIntrodução: Em idosos, a resiliência psicológica associa-se a depressão, saúde física, atividades da vida diária e saúde percebida. Objetivo: Descrever as relações entre funcionalidade, sintomatologia depressiva e cognição em grupos de idosos resilientes e não resilientes. Método: Estudo descritivo, com 59 pacientes do Ambulatório de Geriatria/HC-Unicamp, idade 69-91 anos. Instrumentos: escalas de atividades básicas e instrumentais da vida diária (ABVD, AIVD), sintomas depressivos (EDG), Miniexame do Estado Mental (MEEM) e escala de resiliência. Foram feitas medidas de frequência, posição e dispersão, comparações entre variáveis categóricas (Qui-quadrado e Exato de Fisher) e numéricas (teste de Mann-Whitney, Krushal-Wallis), correlações entre variáveis e análise multivariada de regressão linear. Resultados: Maioria mulheres (80,4%), 70-89 anos, renda ≤ 2 salários mínimos, 43,1% analfabetos, 57% apresentaram AIVD preservadas (independência em seis ou sete itens); 43% não preservadas (ajuda total ou parcial em ao menos dois itens); 31,4 % apresentaram sintomatologia depressiva sugestiva de depressão. Os mais resilientes (>66 em 75 pontos) apresentaram média de 5,2±2,1 AIVD, em relação aos menos resilientes (3,6±2,4; p=0,017). Os menos resilientes apresentaram média de 6,4(±4,2) sintomas depressivos, os mais resilientes média de 2,6(±2,6; p=0,001). Correlação negativa entre resiliência e sintomatologia depressiva (r=-0,688; p<0,01). Idosos com frequência >5 sintomas depressivos tenderam a apresentar baixos escores em resiliência (análise de regressão linear multivariada). Conclusão: A resiliência constitui importante fator de proteção para idosos ambulatoriais com relativo grau de dependência e evidência de sintomas depressivos. AbstractIntroduction: Among elderly, psychological resilience is associated with depression, physical health, daily living activities and self-perceived health. Objective: To describe the relationships between functionality, depressive symptomatology and resilience between resilient and non resilient groups. Method: Descriptive study, 59 patients from the Geriatric Ambulatory/HC Unicamp, age 69-91 years. Instruments: scales of activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), depressive symptoms (GDS), Mini-Mental Exam (MEEM) and resilience. Measurements used were: frequency, position and dispersion, comparisons among categorical variables (Chi-square and Fisher Exact), numerical variables (Mann-Whitney, Krushal-Wallis), co-relations among variables and linear regression multivariate analysis. Results: Mostly women (80.4%), 70-89 years, income ≤ 2 minimum wage, 43.1% illiterate, 57% showed preserved IADL (independence in six or seven items), 43% not preserved (partial or total help in at least 2 items), 31.4% showed depressive symptomatology suggestive of depression. The most resilient (>66 within 75 scores) showed average of 5.2(±2.1) IADL, in relation to the least resi...

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