Characterize of Production Systems and Milk Quality of Production Units in the Semiarid Region of Ceará

Abstract

The aim of this study was to characterize the production systems and milk quality of eight milk production units (MPU) in the semiarid region of the state of Ceará, Brazil. Individual interviews were conducted through a questionnaire on the characteristics of the properties and production systems. Samples of milk and water were collected for a period of 12 months. Four MPUs were classified as semi-specialized and four as non-specialized. No differences were observed in milk composition between the two production systems, and both showed protein, fat, and solids-not-fat levels. Differences were observed for somatic cell count. The semi-specialized systems showed an average somatic cell and total bacterial count which is above the limit established by the 62nd Normative Instruction. All water samples showed presence of Escherichia coli. Somatic cell count was positively correlated (fat) and negatively (lactose). For total bacterial count, correlations were negative for fat, total solids, and somatic cell count. The microbiological quality of milk is not in accordance with the 62st and 7th Normative Instructions. The specialization of the production systems did not result in improved microbiological aspects of milk.

Bioclimatic zoning for dairy cows in Brazil by statistical modeling

“…This index is used as a tool to identify the timing and intensity of the effects of climate conditions 36‐38 . The decrease in milk production (DMP) is based on THI and can be used to evaluate the effect of climate on milk production 39,40 . These indices guide producers to choose animals more adapted to the tropical region, to improve facilities, and to increase the amount of shade in the pastures to guarantee health, welfare, and optimal performance 41,42 …”

“…[36][37][38] The decrease in milk production (DMP) is based on THI and can be used to evaluate the effect of climate on milk production. 39,40 These indices guide producers to choose animals more adapted to the tropical region, to improve facilities, and to increase the amount of shade in the pastures to guarantee health, welfare, and optimal performance. 41,42 Several studies have analyzed the effect of THI on milk production, but few of these studies were carried out in the Midwest of Brazil.…”