Development of a Traceability Model Applied to Goat and Sheep Meat Production

Abstract

The goat and sheep meat producer chain has developed in last years, thus, it is imperative to organize and structure the supply chain and to adopt reliable policies for products' traceability, as a tool to achieve these requirements. The study aimed to make a management program with a traceability model for goat and sheep meat production, with emphasis on ensuring product origin and management practices' transparency at the animal production unit. For this purpose, it was made a reference model in order to emit an origin certificate which, in turn, provides specific information concerning the final product from each unit. Secondly, the program was developed using Hipertext Preprocessor (PHP) technology and as for the Database Management System, it was used MySQL. The schematic model proposed meets the requirements of a traceability system for goat and sheep meat. Furthermore, the program can work as a tool for farm management, by reports and real-time remote access to information.

CoDuBoTeSS: A Pilot Study to Eradicate Counterfeit Drugs via a Blockchain Tracer Support System on the Nigerian Frontier

“…Ownership ascertainment: Once a drug is registered and tagged, its records are etched therein on to the blockchain so that it becomes easy for its manufacturer and vendor to prove ownership of the drug asset. This helps to control theft assertiveness, and reduce the inconveniences associated with getting clearance for the transportation of the drugs shipment on road from one place to another [90], [91].…”

Traceability Models and Traceability Systems to Accelerate the Transition to a Circular Economy: A Systematic Review

“…Twenty studies were classified as reporting on traceability models (TMs) or modeling traceability and thirty-one were classified as reporting on traceability systems (TSs) or the components of traceability systems (Table 3). Two studies [38,48] were classified as belonging to both groups, based on the information available in the studies. Stages documented in the studies on traceability systems included conceptual work, design proposals, technology development, implementation and evaluation; in a number of cases, this is evaluated through simulation (Table 4).…”

“…Within the group of studies reporting on TSs, only eight studies explicitly approached the concept, and two studies went further by accounting for different granularity or the different natures of the entities to be tracked/traced along the supply chain [44] or the production process [50]. Undefined or unclear about traceable entity/unit [36,51,52,63,65,67,76] Not defined, but "object" was consistently used when modeling and a clear instantiation was provided in the running examples Dehumidifiers and associated critical parts [55] Meat products and packaged products [60] Generic terms used traceable items [69] traceable unit [58] product [73] traceable assets [77] Inconsistent use of terms [48] Clearly identified traceable artifacts (in SW product lines) [38] product knowledge during the design and manufacturing phases [75] Different granularity or different nature of the entity to be tracked/raced…”

“…A traceability system for the aquaculture supply chain, based on RFID readers, sensors and data input devices, a set of capture and query applications, a traceability repository that is used to store the relevant traceability data, and the set of web services that provide the product information to the customer [35] A system based on web service technologies for tracking and tracing agricultural batch products along the processing chain [37] A traceability framework for software product lines, composed of a trace repository containing all the specific data necessary to a certain use case for tracing activities (ATF Core), an open and flexible GUI platform (ATF Front-end) and ATF Plugins [38] An agri-food supply chain traceability system for China, based on RFID and blockchain technology [39] An intelligent value stream-based food traceability cyber-physical system by fog computing [40] An RFID-enabled traceability system for live fish supply chain [41] An RFID-based traceability system for cattle/beef quality safety in China, based on business processes modeling and users' requirements identification, modeling traceability information acquisition and transmission, design and implementation of the breeding management system, the slaughter and processing management system and the traceability information retrieval system [47] A traceability system for goat and sheep meat production, composed of a web server, with the database management system in structured query language (MySQL) and programming language in a hypertext preprocessor (PHP) [48] A high-warranty traceability system for the poultry meat supply chain [53] An IoT-based platform for the real-time tracking and tracing of the prepackaged food supply chain (five layers: perception layer, data layer, service layer, application layer, and users layer [57] A traceability system for the vegetable supply chain [61] A secure track and trace system for RFID-enabled supply chains, based on the EPCglobal network and where the EPCDS is semi-trusted and can be outsourced to the cloud to provide a more scalable and reliable service to users [70] An integrated cyber-physical system for the tracking of a reusable luggage tag, including RFID-related components, a database management system and a mobile app [72] An RFID system architecture for crankshaft monitoring, traceability and tracking detailing the system hardware and software architectures [74] An RFID-and GPS-based system for tracking and locating components in a precast storage yard [78] A system for tracking returnable packaging and transport units with active RFID in the grocery supply chain, including the RFID framework, the middleware framework and the control and customer framework [79] Proposed traceability services or the components of traceability systems A novel set of generic RFID traceability services (TS) with embedded algorithms that would allow...…”

“…Actors in a supply chain [37,39,41,42,44,47,49,54,56,57,61,72,80] Actors in a supply chain, including consumers or costumers [40,53,79] Researchers, members of the project, experts or consultants [34,35,38,42,46,50,56,61] Authorities that could include governments, regulators and certification bodies [33,34,39] The authors simply invoked a European Directive [43] Actors intervening directly in the study, namely, logistic operators in the company, consultants, researchers [46] Actors intervening directly in the study, namely, processers [48] Actors intervening directly in the study, namely, company actors, experts [50] Actors intervening directly in the study, namely, energy plant, supplier [66] Actors intervening directly in the study, namely, users in a company [68] Actors intervening directly in the study, namely, decision-makers and RFID designers [74] Actors intervening directly in the study, namely, manufacturers, workers, and clients [78] Actors implied; mentioned as "stakeholders" [81] Table 12. International initiatives, regulations and standards mentioned or used when developing traceability systems or the components of traceability systems.…”