Production of natural aroma by yeast in wastewater of cassava starch industry

Abstract

2-Phenylethanol (PE) is an aromatic alcohol with a characteristic odor of roses, widely used in food industry to modify certain aroma compositions in formulations with fruit, jam, pudding, and chewing gums, and also in cosmetic and fragrance industry. This compound occurs naturally in low concentrations in some essential oils from flowers and plants. An alternative to plants extraction are biotechnological processes. This study evaluated 2-phenylethanol's production in cultivation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in cassava wastewater originated from starch industry. The substrate was supplemented with glucose and L-phenylalanine in order to obtain higher 2-phenylethanol concentrations and better efficiency in glucose/2-phenylethanol conversion. It was performed using Rotatable Center Composite Design and response surface analysis. Cultures were performed under aerobic conditions in a batch system in Erlenmeyer flasks containing 50 mL of medium in shaker at 150 rpm and 24 ± 1 ºC. The highest PE values were obtained with supplementation of 20.0 g.L -1 of glucose and 5.5 g.L -1 of L-phenylalanine, which has been experimentally validated, obtaining a PE production of 1.33 g.L -1 and PE/glucose yield factor of 0.070 g.g -1 , equivalent to 74.3 and 89.7% of desirability values according to the validated model.

Screening of yeasts for the production of 2-phenylethanol (rose aroma) in organic waste-based media

“…), or 1·33 g l −1 2‐PE in cassava wastewater (Oliveira et al . ). A higher 2‐PE concentration of 4·8 g l −1 in a batch culture was reported with the genetically engineered S. cerevisiae JHY315 strain; however, it was produced after 195 h, thus with a productivity of 24·62 mg 2‐PE l −1 h −1 (Kim et al .…”

Bioproduction of 2-Phenylethanol through Yeast Fermentation on Synthetic Media and on Agro-Industrial Waste and By-Products: A Review

“…CWW was studied for the possibility of utilizing it as a substrate for 2-PE production. Oliveira et al demonstrated that a S. cerevisiae strain cultivated in an optimized batch culture of 50 mL medium, supplemented with 20 g/L glucose and 5.5 g/L l -Phe at 150 rpm and 24 °C was able to produce 1.33 g/L of 2-PE [ 11 ].…”

“…The world production of 2-PE is approximately 10,000 tons per year, most of which is obtained by chemical synthesis, with a price between 3.5 and 5 US$/kg [ 9 , 10 ]. However, natural 2-PE, extracted from the essential oil of some flowers, is much more expensive compared to the chemically synthesized 2-PE with an estimated price of about 1000 US$/kg [ 11 ]. Martinez-Avila et al estimated that the bioproduction of 2-PE via a microbial route would actually cost around 220 US$/kg [ 12 ].…”

“…On the other hand, natural 2-PE can be extracted from the essential oils of various flowers, including jasmine, hyacinth, lilies, and daffodils. However, the concentration of 2-PE in these flowers is too low, except for rose oil which can contain up to 60% 2-PE [ 11 ]. For instance, the dominant aroma compound produced by Rosa damascena , also known as damask roses, is 2-PE [ 16 ].…”

Hydrolyzed corn stover as a promising feedstock for 2‐phenylethanol production by nonconventional yeast

“…One way to make the biotechnological production of 2‐PE profitable is the reduction of costs through the utilization of cheaper substrates such as agricultural and food waste. Although some attempts have been undertaken to utilize, for instance, by‐products of cheese or sugar production as well as wastewater of cassava starch and tobacco waste for 2‐PE bioproduction, lignocellulosic biomass has not been tested for this applicability yet . Using this substrate is a challenging goal for two reasons.…”