Perception of Socio-Environmental Conflicts in Mining Areas: The Case of the Mirador Project in Ecuador

Vázquez, Luis Sánchez; Espinosa, María Gabriela; Eguiguren, María Beatriz

doi:10.1590/1809-4422asoc129708v1922016

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This risk of essentialism is warned against, for example, in research on Shuar attitudes towards Mirador (Leifsen et al., 2017: 38–41). However, contrary to the ethnographic record, scholars also present the Shuar as having an affinity with communalist and ecological views, for example, by claiming that collective land tenure is rooted in the ‘cosmovision’ of the Shuar (Sánchez‐Vázquez et al., 2017: 31) and that ‘a utilitarian and individualist logic’ is absent from Shuar culture (Verdú Delgado, 2017: 16). In fact, historically speaking, the Shuar and neighbouring peoples had little concept of fixed territory and owned land neither individually nor communally (Harner, 1972: 179).…”

Section: Anti‐extractivism and Political Ontologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sitting directly downstream from the mine, Yanua is more vulnerable to water pollution than Churubia. Is this a specifically Indigenous concern, based on a non‐modern ontology or ‘cosmography’ (Sánchez‐Vázquez et al., 2017: 31)? For Facundo, the question of extraction was a very modern one of weighing the material risks and benefits from specialized productive activity.…”

Section: Shuar Mining and Modern Politics In South‐east Ecuadormentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Myth of Counter‐modern Ontologies: Indigenous People and the Modern Politics of Extractivism in Ecuador

Tym

2023

Development and Change

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Anti‐extractivist critique still positions Indigenous people as protagonists of counter‐modern political sentiment, whether as opponents of modernity's processes of productive rationalization and economic integration, or as embodying ontologies that reject modernity's conceptual separation of humanity from natural resources. Indigenous anti‐extractivism is thus said to represent a rupture of modern politics in that it exceeds politics as we know it. Yet the calculus of modern politics remains central to Indigenous responses to resource extraction, even in social contexts where non‐modern ontological suppositions are widely adhered to. This is illustrated through an ethnography of Indigenous mining in the southern Ecuadorean Amazon and national‐level electoral data showing the sweeping support of Indigenous people for former leftist President Rafael Correa's ‘neo‐extractivist’ programme. This persistent modernity of Indigenous resource politics exposes the fallacy of projecting counter‐modern sentiments onto Indigenous peoples.

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Section: Anti‐extractivism and Political Ontologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Shuar Mining and Modern Politics In South‐east Ecuadormentioning

confidence: 99%

The Myth of Counter‐modern Ontologies: Indigenous People and the Modern Politics of Extractivism in Ecuador

Tym

2023

Development and Change

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“…A study performed in Ecuador on the conflicts associated with mining operations showed that the population fears the possible social and environmental impact in the long run. Therefore, it is necessary to be aware of people's perceptions since environmental problems can lead to different forms of conflict according to the economic and socio-cultural context of the affected location [25]. It is necessary to inform the population about the risks and benefits of the activity and the public hearing, in this case, becomes the link between the miner and the community.…”

Section: The Public Hearing As An Instrument To Promote Sustainabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mining Law: In Search of Sustainable Mining

et al. 2021

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Mining is an activity that generates inputs to different production chains, making it essential for any country’s development. However, it causes environmental, economic, and social impacts that must be considered. The Mining Law provides guidelines, through laws and regulations, so the activity can be carried out in an environmentally, economically, and socially sustainable way. In this paper, an analysis was conducted of the application of some peculiar characteristics of Brazilian Mining Law (locational rigidity, priority granting, among others) according to the parameters established in the Federal Constitution, in the Mining Code and its updates, and in the National Department of Mineral Production, Environment Ministry, and Mines and Energy Ministry normative acts. Moreover, the Superior Court of Justice Jurisprudence was analyzed to understand how the Mining Law is applied, in practice. It was verified that the Brazilian legislation is not perfect, but it has mechanisms to protect and benefit the miner, the society, and the environment. However, there are many shortcomings like the lack of speed in judging processes and the flaws in the applicability of some principles that compromise sustainability in the activity’s development, especially regarding the environmental and social liabilities left after mine closure.

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“…Moreover, the environment in the region is threatened by huge direct and/or indirect impacts on the whole ecosystem. Some are very common and evident in mining areas such as land changes [45,49], destruction of grasslands [19,50], rivers and sources pollution [51], destruction of agricultural areas, and the decrease of its productions [46,52], and so on, negatively affecting the means of subsistence of the populations, causing the scarcity of certain essential resources (water, food) and degrading (decreasing) the quality of life in the whole region. This statement on the tensions surrounding conflicts linked to mining activities has been mentioned by the community leader in Kolaboui and reported by PACV as following:…”

Section: For Bauxite Mining Boxing Sites: To Whom Is the Faultmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bauxite Mining Conflicts in Guinea: Causes Identification, Analysis, and Countermeasures

Camara¹,

De-yi²,

Barry³

et al. 2021

IJMPEM

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Mining conflicts are among the most widespread issues linked to natural resources development and management in mineral-rich countries. Guinea mining industries development presents a huge challenge in promoting integrated, prosperous, peaceful, and sustainable mining. The scramble of companies to exploit bauxite in the Boké region is correlated with a wave of protests and violent conflicts. This article explores the reasons for the resurgence of conflicts in the Guinea Republic, proposes some strategies for better mining conflicts prevention, management in Boke region. Thus, through a survey carried out in 7 Municipalities of the region and other mining localities of the country, we use a quantitative approach through descriptive statistic elements to identify the causes of the outburst of the conflict in Boke which seriously hinders the climate of socioeconomic activities for local development. The outcomes of this study reveal that youth employment, water and electricity supply, the weakness in the management of compensation mechanism are the main reasons for conflict escalation in Boke. Although, solutions proposed by the state and some NGOs appear to be hopeful. However, better management of public services and good governance based on more innovative public-private partnerships, and changes in government policy to better benefit the local communities could solve these problems holistically. The implementation of a better strategy (approach) in the management of relations with the surrounding communities by considering the depths and the sociohistorical, cultural, economic characteristics of the region would guarantee an environment of peaceful cohabitation between the local communities and the companies.

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Perception of Socio-Environmental Conflicts in Mining Areas: The Case of the Mirador Project in Ecuador

Cited by 17 publications

References 23 publications

The Myth of Counter‐modern Ontologies: Indigenous People and the Modern Politics of Extractivism in Ecuador

The Myth of Counter‐modern Ontologies: Indigenous People and the Modern Politics of Extractivism in Ecuador

Mining Law: In Search of Sustainable Mining

Bauxite Mining Conflicts in Guinea: Causes Identification, Analysis, and Countermeasures

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