Distribuição Geográfica Do Gênero Cynometra L. (Caesalpiniaceae), No Mundo.

Tavares, Aldaléa Sprada; Silva, Marlene Freitas da

doi:10.1590/1809-43921992221022

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…langsdorffii Desf., which is a widespread generalist [138], while the second one includes only C . bauhiniifolia Benth., with Amazonian lineage and two varieties recognized [139]. It is interesting to point out that both subfamilies are mainly distributed in equatorial and tropical regions [30], and therefore extending only marginally to the Gran Chaco and never into Chaco s.s. Hymenaea only presents one species in Gran Chaco, H .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and conservation of legumes in the Gran Chaco and biogeograpical inferences

et al. 2019

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The Gran Chaco is a wide ecologic-geographic region comprising northern Argentina, western Paraguay, southern Bolivia and the southwestern extreme of Brazil. This region exhibits extreme temperatures, annually regular frosts, and sedimentary soils; it has been dramatically threatened by agriculture expansion in recent decades. Therefore, increasing knowledge of plant diversity is critical for conservation purposes. We present a Legume checklist of the Gran Chaco ecoregion including conservation status of its endemic species. Leguminosae is the third most diverse plant family in the Neotropics. Assuming a rigorous spatial definition of the Gran Chaco, we recorded 98 genera, 362 species, and 404 specific and infraspecific taxa. Endemic/typical taxa were 17%, comparable to adjacent tropical plant formations, and they were found in higher percentages in Caesalpinioideae (24%) and Cercidoideae (33%) than Papilionoideae (11%) subfamily. We also analyzed the plant diversity comparing lineages and subregions. The Gran Chaco Legumes are predominantly widespread generalists, or they belong to either Chaco sensu stricto or Neotropical Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest (SDTF) lineages. Though the Humid Chaco registered the highest species richness, Dry Chaco and Sierra Chaco, the most threatrened subregions, exhibited the highest percentages of exclusive and proper Chaco-lineage species. These results suggest that diversification of Legumes has been most relevant in Dry Chaco and Sierra Chaco, probably by their more demanding and harsh environmental conditions limiting the dispersion of generalists or intrusive-invading species. This study is paramount to reach an improved delimitation of the Gran Chaco ecoregion in transitional areas with the SDTF and Cerrado formations. Conservation status is critical in genera of high economic interest, such as Arachis , Mimosa and Prosopis . At least one third of endemic taxa exhibit a critical status of conservation or are endangered, many of them being relevant to inbreeding program or exhibiting multiple economic uses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and conservation of legumes in the Gran Chaco and biogeograpical inferences

et al. 2019

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“…However, even though its RHG was significantly higher in the lightgaps, many leaves became yellowish, probably as a result of water deficit, especially in the dry season, although its mortality was quite low. Its RHG varied little between plateau and bottomland, which reflects the adaptability of G. macrophylla, that is commonly found in both floodplain and terra-firme forests across the Amazon basin (Tavares and Silva 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In addition, RHG of C. bauhiniaefolia was significantly higher in the bottomlands, and mortality (two of seven) was mostly in the lightgaps, suggesting a preference of this species for more shaded and humid habitats. It is commonly found in seasonally-flooded, mature floodplain forests (Tavares and Silva 1992;Wittmann et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(jutairana) (Fabaceae) has no economic use identified as yet, but other tree species of the same genus are used in carpentry, joinery, and charcoal production (Tavares 1987). Recently, the species is utilized in urban forestry in tropical wet biomes across Brazil and it starts fruiting between five and eight years (Tavares and Silva 1992;Nazário et al 2008).…”

Section: Planting Of Seedlingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of experimental lightgaps and topography on enrichment plantings in a central Amazonian secondary forest

et al. 2020

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Enrichment plantings into secondary forest are an important option in restoring species diversity and ecosystem services. However, little attention has been given to environmental requirements for species performance. This study evaluated the effects of lightgaps and topographic position on the growth and survival of four native tree species (Pouteria caimito, Garcinia macrophylla, Dipteryx odorata and Cynometra bauhiniaefolia) planted into a 26-year old secondary forest originating from abandoned pastures in the central Amazon Basin. Artificial lightgaps and control plots under closed canopy were uniformly distributed on plateaus and bottomlands near water bodies. Seedlings were planted randomly into the plots and monitored for 28 months. Seedling survival rate was high (93%) and did not differ among species. Overall, lightgaps produced a 38% increase in seedling height relative to the controls. Although the four species naturally occur in mature forest, two of the four grew significantly more in lightgaps than in closed canopy secondary forest. Overall, bottomlands facilitated greater seedling growth in height (38%) relative to plateaus, but only one species exhibited a significant increase. This study shows the importance of the environmental variability generated with canopy openings along the topographic gradient, suggesting that both the selection of species and microsite conditions of planting sites have to be considered important criteria in the recovery of degraded areas.

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“…The genus Cynometra L. (Leguminosae) has a broad tropical distribution, is relatively species rich and many of its species are poorly represented in herbaria. The approximately 85 species of trees and (some) shrubs in the genus are spread somewhat evenly amongst four regions (Figure 1): the Neotropics (from southern Mexico and the Caribbean to northern Argentina; Dwyer 1958, Sprada Tavares and da Silva 1992), mainland tropical Africa (equatorial forest belt; Léonard 1951), Madagascar and the Comoros Islands (Du Puy et al 2002) and the Indo-Pacific (extending from the Western Ghats eastward to Fiji; Knaap-van Meeuwen 1970, Smith 1985). Perhaps unsurprisingly, the genus has long troubled taxonomists and systematists who have struggled with its diversity in several attempts to revise and classify regional groupings of the species (Léonard 1951, Dwyer 1958, Knaap-van Meeuwen 1970).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The rise of Cynometra (Leguminosae) and the fall of Maniltoa: a generic re-circumscription and the addition of 4 new species

Radosavljević

2019

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Cynometra L. is a genus of ca. 85 species of shrubs to large trees. It is amongst the largest genera in the legume subfamily Detarioideae and one of the few with a pantropical distribution. Perhaps due to this wide distribution and high diversity, systematists and taxonomists have struggled with the classification of Cynometra and its close ally, the genus Maniltoa Scheff. Recent phylogenetic studies have shown that many of the African species are more closely related to other genera and that the genus Maniltoa is nested within a clade of Indo-Pacific Cynometra. Here, I present an emended circumscription of Cynometra that excludes the African species defined by jointed pedicels and dehiscent fruits and includes the species formerly recognised in Maniltoa. New combinations in Cynometra are also provided for those species that require them. Additionally, four new species of Neotropical Cynometra are described and illustrated: Cynometracerebriformissp. nov. from the lower Rio Trombetas in Brazil; Cynometradwyeriisp. nov. from the Darien gap region of Panama; C.tumbesianasp. nov. from the dry tropical forests of Ecuador and Peru; and C.steyermarkiisp. nov. from the foothills of the western Cordillera de la Costa in Venezuela.

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Distribuição Geográfica Do Gênero Cynometra L. (Caesalpiniaceae), No Mundo.

Cited by 5 publications

References 8 publications

Diversity and conservation of legumes in the Gran Chaco and biogeograpical inferences

Diversity and conservation of legumes in the Gran Chaco and biogeograpical inferences

Effects of experimental lightgaps and topography on enrichment plantings in a central Amazonian secondary forest

The rise of Cynometra (Leguminosae) and the fall of Maniltoa: a generic re-circumscription and the addition of 4 new species

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