Brasilian Therevidae (diptera): a checklist and discriptions of species.

Irwin, Michael E.; Webb, Donald W.

doi:10.1590/1809-43921991211121

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…One of the least understood parts of the Therevidae are the basal clades and their relationship to one another (Hauser 2005). The Xestomyzinae was considered to be a tribe of the Phycinae (Lyneborg 1976(Lyneborg , 1980Irwin and Lyneborg 1981); however, evidence for subfamily status has accumulated through taxonomic study, and several publications now refer to the subfamily (Irwin and Webb 1992;Irwin 2005b, 2005c). While the therevid supertree does not incorporate this new evidence concerning the status of the two subfamilies, the Xestomyzinae is present in all MPCT, with low bootstrap support (Fig.…”

Section: Therevid Supertreementioning

confidence: 99%

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Supertrees and the Tree of Life: generating a metaphylogeny for a diverse invertebrate family (Insecta:Diptera:Therevidae) using constraint trees and the parsimony ratchet to overcome low taxon overlap

Lambkin

Trueman

Holston

et al. 2009

Invert. Systematics

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The dipteran family Therevidae (stiletto flies) is cosmopolitan and has been the focus of many taxonomic and phylogenetic studies over the last 25 years. Despite this work, questions remain concerning the relationships between subfamilies, genera and generic groups and membership of those groups. We use the supertree method to produce an inclusive phylogeny for the family Therevidae from 24 phylogenetic studies using matrix representation with parsimony (MRP) analysis. The supertree method, one of the most common approaches to calculating globally inclusive phylogenies from smaller more exclusive analyses, produced the therevid metaphylogeny despite only 34% of the terminal taxa being found in more than one source tree. We describe a method for handling low taxon overlap in supertree analyses, in combination with the parsimony ratchet and constraint tree techniques. The supertree presented here is an overarching phylogenetic hypothesis of the Therevidae, incorporating extensive sampling of major lineages and summarising past phylogenetic work on the family. The inclusive metaphylogeny for 362 therevid taxa robustly retrieves the subfamilies Agapophytinae, Phycinae, Therevinae and Xestomyzinae, and the tribes Cyclotelini and Therevini. The Phycinae and Xestomyzinae form a clade, sister to the remaining Therevidae. The Australasian and South American Taenogera Kröber genus-group is monophyletic and sister to a clade of Therevinae and the Australian endemic Agapophytinae. The Therevinae consists of the Anabarhynchus Macquart genus-group of Australian, South American, New Caledonian and New Zealand taxa as sister to the non-Australasian ‘higher Therevinae’, which contains the tribes Cyclotelini and Therevini. The Therevini includes the Hoplosathe Lyneborg & Zaitzev, Litolinga Irwin & Lyneborg, Baryphora Loew, Pandivirilia Irwin & Lyneborg and Thereva Latreille generic-groups. MRP supertree methods can be used to produce inclusive metaphylogenies in situations where source trees have poor data overlap and low taxon overlap, and are therefore valuable in species-rich groups such as arthropods. These methods may be necessary for constructing the ‘Tree of Life’, representing phylogenetic relationships among the millions of known species. However, our analyses show that in situations of source tree conflict, MRP supertree analyses present only the majority signal. We also show that conflict between source trees can be hidden in MRP supertrees, thus our results emphasise the need to evaluate the resulting clades with reference to the source trees.

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Section: Therevid Supertreementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Xestomyzini mainly occurs in southern Africa with one genus, Henicomyia Coquillett (Fig. 1B), found in the New World, and was elevated to subfamily level by Irwin and Webb (1992). The Phycinae (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supertrees and the Tree of Life: generating a metaphylogeny for a diverse invertebrate family (Insecta:Diptera:Therevidae) using constraint trees and the parsimony ratchet to overcome low taxon overlap

Lambkin

Trueman

Holston

et al. 2009

Invert. Systematics

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“…(). The predominantly Afrotropical Xestomyza genus group was recognized as a distinct tribe by Lyneborg () and subsequently as a subfamily by Irwin & Webb (), Hauser (, ), Hauser & Irwin (,) and Webb et al . ().…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The phylogeny of stiletto flies (Diptera: Therevidae)

Winterton

Hardy

Gaimari

et al. 2015

Systematic Entomology

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The therevoid clade represents a group of four families (Apsilocephalidae, Evocoidae, Scenopinidae and Therevidae) of lower brachyceran Diptera in the superfamily Asiloidea. The largest of these families is that of the stiletto flies (Therevidae). A large-scale (i.e. supermatrix) phylogeny of Therevidae is presented based on DNA sequence data from seven genetic loci (16S, 18S and 28S ribosomal DNA and four protein-encoding genes: elongation factor 1-alpha, triose phosphate isomerase, short-wavelength rhodopsin and the CPSase region of carbamoyl-phosphate synthase-aspartate transcarbamoylase-dihydroorotase). Results are presented from Bayesian phylogenetic analyses of approximately 8.7 kb of sequence data for 204 taxa representing all subfamilies and genus groups of Therevidae. Our results strongly support the sister-group relationship between Therevidae and Scenopinidae, with Apsilocephalidae as sister to Evocoidae. Previous estimates of stiletto fly phylogeny based on morphology or DNA sequence data, or supertree analysis, have failed to find significant support for relationships among subfamilies. We report for the first time strong support for the placement of the subfamily Phycinae as sister to the remaining Therevidae, originating during the Mid Cretaceous. As in previous studies, the sister-group relationship between the species-rich subfamilies Agapophytinae and Therevinae is strongly supported. Agapophytinae are recovered as monophyletic, inclusive of the Taenogera group. Therevinae comprise the bulk of the species richness in the family and appear to be a relatively recent and rapid radiation originating in the southern hemisphere (Australia + Antarctica + South America) during the Late Cretaceous. Genus groups are defined for all subfamilies based on these results.

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