Oligochaeta (Annelida) do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia

Abstract

RESUMO Da Amazônia brasileira foram estudadas anatomo-sistematicamente 25 espécies de Oligochaeta distribuídas em 16 gêneros e 8 famílias como segue: Haplotaxidae: Tiguassu reginae, gen. n., sp. n.; Enchytraeidae: Marionina patua, sp. n.; Alluroididae: Brinkhurstia americanus (Brinkhurst, 1964); Glossoscolecidae: Atatina gatesi, sp. n., Amazo atroaris sp. n., A. xecatu, sp. n., Meroscolex eudoxiae, sp. n., Diachaeta juli, sp. n., Holoscolex caramuru Righi, 1975, H. nemorosus tacoa, subsp. n., Glossodrilus (G.) schubarti, sp. n.; Sparganophilidae ?: Areco reco, gen. n., sp. n.; Ocnerodrilidae : Eukerria guamais Righi, 1971, Hoplodrilus (H.) tagua, sp. r., Dariodrilus ferrarius, gen. n., sp. n., Exisdrilus rarus, gen. n., sp. n.; Acanthodrilidae: Wegeneriella divergens itapecu, subsp. n., W. tocaya, sp. n.; Octachaetidae: Dichogaster affinis (Michaelsen, 1890), D. bolaui bolaui (Michaelsen, 1891), D. modigliani (Rosa, 1896), D. saliens (Beddard, 1892), D andina evae, subsp. n., D. ibaia, sp. n., D. badajos, sp. n.

On the Phylogeny and Higher Classification of the Oligochaeta

“…Thirdly, H. brinkhursti Cook and the four species of Metataxis recently described by Righi (1985) have lost the anterior pair ofovaries (the metagynous condition), as have all but three aberrant species in all the remaining megadrile families. If metagyny is a synapomorphy, and not merely a homoplasy, with more advanced taxa, here termed the Metagynophora, paraphyly for the triple haplotaxid assemblage would be likely although monophyly of the assemblage cannot yet be dismissed conclusively.…”

“…Tiguassu forms the plesiomorphic adelphotaxon of the Metagynophora (discussed below). T h e single known species was placed in the Haplotaxidae by Righi et al (1978),…”

“…In the plesioporous condition the male pores were in the segment directly behind the testes. The Plesiopora 0748-3007/88/040367 t 34 $03.00/0 Methodology and Data THE TAXA T h e 50 oligochaete taxa studied (Table 1) represent all families of "opisthoporous" oligochaetes (Alluroididae, earthworms and aquatic "megadriles") together with a representative of the Haplotaxidae, of the recently discovered Tiguassu, also placed by Righi et al (1978) in the Haplotaxidae, and three examples of "microdriles". The microdriles are each represented by a generalized data set (putative ground-plan) for a tubificid, an enchytraeid and a lurnbriculid.…”

Kathrynella, a new oligochaete genus from Guyana

“…The body thinness and the large blood vessels are typical of microdriles living in anoxic mud; the long egg sacs and sperm sacs, as well as the absence of capillaries, resemble those of some Haplotaxidae. Penial setae and the complex structure of vasa deferentia are similar to those of the megadriles Brinkhurstia (Brinkhurst, 1964;Righi et al, 1978) and Standeria (Jamieson, 1968), and so is the anatomy of nephridia. There are, however, two main differences (autapomorphies) from the Alluroididae hitherto described i.e.…”

Some new species of Haplotaxidae (Oligochaeta) from Guinea and remarks on the history of the family

“…More suggestive are the relationships between the Haplotaxidae and the Neotropical earthworm Areco reco described by Righi et al (1978). This species has been rightly considered a metandric metagynous sparganophilid, having tiny eggs stored in small receptacula derived from the oviducts as is typical of the Lumbriciformsbut provided with a pair of elongated sperm sacs like that of the Haplotaxidae.…”