Estratégias de sobrevivência: o uso de recursos ao longo da rodovia Transamazônica ()

Moran, Emílio F.

doi:10.1590/1809-43921977073363

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…During the 1980s, Rondônia and Pará states experienced massive waves of land speculation with state-led colonization and spontaneous migration, with landholdings of squatters (posseiros) being deforested and sold to more-capitalized actors (Alston et al 1995;Fearnside 1989;Mahar 1989). These landconcentration processes have intensified deforestation (Moran 1977;Fearnside 1986Fearnside , 1989Mahar 1989;Walker et al 2000) and created conflicts between wealthy landed elites and small homesteaders (Alston et al 2000;Aldrich et al 2012). Figure 2 indicates that land concentration is also severe in settlement projects with recent extensive cumulative deforestation.…”

Section: Land Concentration In Settlement Projectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deforestation Trajectories on a Development Frontier in the Brazilian Amazon: 35 Years of Settlement Colonization, Policy and Economic Shifts, and Land Accumulation

Carrero

Fearnside

Valle

et al. 2020

Environmental Management

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We examine deforestation processes in Apuí, a deforestation hotspot in Brazil's state of Amazonas and present processes of land-use change on this Amazonian development frontier. Settlement projects attract agents whose clearing reflects land accumulation and the economic importance of deforestation. We used a mixed-method approach in the Rio Juma Settlement to examine colonization and deforestation trajectories for 35 years at three scales of analysis: the entire landscape, cohorts of settlement lots divided by occupation periods, and lots grouped by landholding size per household. All sizes of landholdings are deforesting much more than before, and current political and economic forces favoring the agribusiness sector foreshadow increasing rates of forest clearing for pasture establishment in Apuí. The area cleared per year over the 2013-2018 period in Apuí grew by a percentage more than twice the corresponding percentage for the Brazilian Amazon as a whole. With the national congress and presidential administration signaling impunity for illegal deforestation, wealthy actors, and groups are investing resources in land grabbing and land accumulation, with land speculation being a crucial deforestation factor. This paper is unique in providing causal explanations at the decision-maker's level on how deforestation trajectories are linked to economic and political events (period effects) at the larger scales, adding to the literature by showing that such effects were more important than aging and cohort effects as explanations for deforestation trajectories. Additional research is needed to deepen our understanding of relations between land speculation, illegal possession of public lands, and the expansion of agricultural frontiers in Amazonia.

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Section: Land Concentration In Settlement Projectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deforestation Trajectories on a Development Frontier in the Brazilian Amazon: 35 Years of Settlement Colonization, Policy and Economic Shifts, and Land Accumulation

Carrero

Fearnside

Valle

et al. 2020

Environmental Management

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“…In Brazil, many REDD+ project proponents identify the practice of swidden agriculture as a key driver of deforestation, and a common REDD+ strategy is to curb this practice. Yet, for generations of smallholders, swidden agriculture represents a primary livelihood strategy based on geographical, historical, cultural and political factors [26,47,48]. The use of fire for clearing cultivation areas and the use of ash as a fertilizer are techniques adapted to the regional context and are responsible for reduced expenditures on agricultural inputs, including hired labor [49].…”

Section: Defining Redd+ Mechanisms Togethermentioning

confidence: 99%

Local Participation in REDD+: Lessons from the Eastern Brazilian Amazon

Cromberg

Duchelle²,

Rocha

2014

Forests

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There are concerns that local people will not be genuinely involved in initiatives to Reduce Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+). We analyzed local participation in the design of one REDD+ project in the eastern Brazilian Amazon, and assessed local hopes, worries and recommendations for the project through four community focus groups and interviews with 137 households at the site. Our results showed that only one-third of households interviewed (31%) had enough information about the project to describe it accurately. Of those, the majority (60%) hoped that the project would improve their incomes, followed by improving their agricultural production (33%) and helping protect forests (26%). While increasing household incomes was the dominant hope, people's recommendations revealed that they favored non-monetary forms of compensation over the direct cash payments included in the proponents' package of incentives. Their main recommendation was that the project should help improve their production systems through access to technical assistance, machinery and training, while valuing local production systems (46%). Our study highlights the need for participation that goes beyond passive consultation with local people to develop REDD+ interventions that best reflect local knowledge, land use practices and aspirations.

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“…Transamazonian farmers appear to have low‐to‐moderate ecological knowledge, placing them somewhere on a spectrum between highly knowledgeable traditional peoples and the industrial societies where ecological knowledge is generally low but skewed by knowledgeable specialists (Medin & Atran, 2004; Pilgrim et al., 2008). Amazonian colonists arrived with little prior knowledge of the Amazonian environment (Moran, 1977). Some of the bird species living in the Amazon are the same or similar to species found in other parts of Brazil, so migrant farmers could have had pre‐existing knowledge of them.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Who knows, who cares? Untangling ecological knowledge and nature connection among Amazonian colonist farmers

et al. 2021

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Estratégias de sobrevivência: o uso de recursos ao longo da rodovia Transamazônica ()

Abstract: Resumo O presente trabalho descreve a utilização de recursos por uma população pioneira ao longo da rodovia Transamazônica e as mudanças resultantes no ambiente e no comportamento sócio-econômico dessa população.

Cited by 11 publications

References 1 publication

Deforestation Trajectories on a Development Frontier in the Brazilian Amazon: 35 Years of Settlement Colonization, Policy and Economic Shifts, and Land Accumulation

Deforestation Trajectories on a Development Frontier in the Brazilian Amazon: 35 Years of Settlement Colonization, Policy and Economic Shifts, and Land Accumulation

Local Participation in REDD+: Lessons from the Eastern Brazilian Amazon

Who knows, who cares? Untangling ecological knowledge and nature connection among Amazonian colonist farmers

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