Una experiencia de interiorización: transformaciones y continuidades de las acciones humanitarias

Abstract

Resumen Este artículo analiza algunos aspectos del programa brasileño de Interiorización de personas procedentes de Venezuela, a partir de la experiencia de algunos “núcleos familiares” que fueron trasladados de Roraima a Rio Grande do Norte en 2018. El texto propone una comparación del programa de interiorización, en sus contornos locales en Caicó, con el programa de reasentamiento solidario previamente investigado en otras regiones del país, sugiriendo que existe una continuidad de algunas tradiciones administrativas de personas en éxodo y, al mismo tiempo, indicando transformaciones significativas en la administración de los asuntos migratorios en los últimos años. El artículo concluye con la reflexión de algunos desafíos políticos y éticos que aparecieron durante los períodos de observación participante que dieron origen a esta contribución.

Along the twilights of care

“…A second challenge that already became obvious in my initial vignette concerned the complex social relations that developed in these oft en only loosely institutionalized settings in which activist Brazilians and migrants coalesce (Drotbohm 2021;Facundo 2020). When access to support is not organized via the (apparent) neutrality of bureaucratic procedures, new forms of mutual expectations and dependencies can arise.…”

“…However, as Hansjörg Dilger and I show in the introduction to this theme section, there are numerous political contexts and forms of interaction within which this sharp conceptual and phenomenological separation cannot be maintained. Contexts of pro-migrant activism or grassroots humanitarianism, that is, initiatives in which activists advocate for the interests of migrants or in which "ordinary citizens" adopt a humanitarian assistance role, provide relevant examples of these blurred boundaries (Ataç and Steinhilper 2020;Braun 2017;Cappiali 2016Cappiali , 2018Dadusc et al 2019;Drotbohm 2021Drotbohm , 2022bDyk et al 2021;Facundo 2020;Fleischmann and Steinhilper 2017;Rozakou 2016;Schwiertz and Steinhilper 2020). Th e contribution by Čarna Brkovič (this theme section) also provides additional examples on the blurring of these conceptual distinctions.…”

The commonplace period of expulsions: Frameworks for Warao migrations during the COVID-19 pandemic in Natal, RN, and João Pessoa, PB

“…In contrast, we were faced with a group whose mother tongue was not Spanish, that had very high rates of illiteracy and little or no trajectory in the job market. It is also worth highlighting that between the end of 2019 and the beginning of 2020, the interiorização programmes active in the Northeast and the resources and agents mobilised in their execution had already suffered setbacks and in some cities were in a phase of discontinuity (Facundo, 2020;Vasconcelos, 2021), increasing the precarious situation of the first non-Indigenous families that had arrived in the cities.…”

“…This framework also meant that Indigenous people were able to activate some public policies, going beyond the level of emergency assistance and activating medium-term social programmes, those more oriented towards permanence. However, these programmes continued to be based on familyist and proletarian models for the integration of foreigners, as discussed by authors who have researched assimilationist dynamics in the context of migration and refuge (Facundo, 2020;Hamid, 2019;Seyferth, 1997Seyferth, , 2000.…”