Avaliação da função dos músculos do assoalho pélvico e incontinência urinária em universitárias: um estudo transversal

Abstract

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a função e pressão de contração dos Músculos do Assoalho Pélvico (MAP) e a prevalência de Incontinência Urinária (IU) em universitárias. Realizou-se um estudo transversal, com universitárias entre 18 e 35 anos, nulíparas, que já tiveram relação sexual e que nunca realizaram tratamento fisioterapêutico para Disfunções dos Músculos do Assoalho Pélvico (DMAP). Todas as voluntárias realizaram a anamnese, responderam aos questionários international consultation on incontinence questionnaire - Short Form (ICIQ-SF) e incontinence severity index questionaire (ISI-Q), e realizaram avaliação da função e manometria dos MAP. Foi utilizado o teste de Shapiro-Wilk e os valores da amostra são expressos em medianas, intervalos interquartílicos, frequências absolutas e relativas. Foram avaliadas 35 mulheres, das quais 65,72% apresentaram tônus normal, mas apenas 5,71% realizavam a contração adequada dos MAP, com medianas baixas para todas as etapas do PERFECT e na manometria dos MAP. A prevalência de IU foi 57,14%, sendo a Incontinência Urinária de Urgência (IUU) a queixa mais prevalente (50%) e com severidade moderada (55%). Este estudo permitiu identificar déficit na função dos MAP e altos índices de IU em universitárias, demostrando a importância de conscientizar esse público sobre essa DMAP.

Efficacy of educational instructions on pelvic floor muscle training in the treatment of urinary incontinence: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…Clinical trials approaching the effects of teaching women about UI and TPFM are widely discussed nowadays, signaling the need of a direction in the actions of health professionals 13,14,19–22 . With a total of 1003 women participating in the studies selected for this review, it was possible to observe that the age of the participants was very different, reinforcing what literature points when it comes to the profile of incontinent women, not only affecting elderly ones 3–5 …”

“…13,14,[19][20][21][22] With a total of 1003 women participating in the studies selected for this review, it was possible to observe that the age of the participants was very different, reinforcing what literature points when it comes to the profile of incontinent women, not only affecting elderly ones. [3][4][5] The majority of the studies were composed with women with UI of effort and some studies also recruited women with other subtypes, in which an improvement of the investigated outcomes was also observed. The use of trusted and validated instruments to measure the outcomes was a characteristic of all trials, and the heterogeneity of these questionnaires signal that there are various tools to investigate this health issue and its repercussions in the integrality of health.…”

“…Urinary incontinence (UI) is considered a public health problem which affects both men and women around the world, being characterized as the complaint of involuntary loss of urine 1,2 . Women of all ages are more affected, with worse symptoms in elderly women, especially those above 75 years 3,4 …”

“…1,2 Women of all ages are more affected, with worse symptoms in elderly women, especially those above 75 years. 3,4 UI is considered a geriatric syndrome, due to the incidence in the elderly. However, this syndrome is not a part of the natural process of aging.…”

Effectiveness of group aerobic and/or resistance exercise programs associated with pelvic floor muscle training during prenatal care for the prevention and treatment of urinary incontinence: A systematic review

“…When accurately measured, these results, although subjective. Despite the subjectivity of these results, if they are accurately measured, they can be considerably relevant parameters in the evaluation and indirectly reflect on the quality of the treatment offered 35 …”