Neuromuscular diseases: revisiting the "overtraining"

Abstract

N euromuscular diseases (NMD) are a heterogeneous group of disorders of the anterior spinal cord, peripheral nerves, neuromuscular junction and skeletal striated muscles. It is a consensus that exercise programs may optimize the motor and cardiovascular functions, in addition to preventing atrophy by disuse and deconditioning in people with NMD. The literature suggests an individualized, submaximal approach, adapted to the peculiarities of each disorder, with solid and often reanalyzed treatment goals, in order to avoid overtraining.There is the belief that the motor training in patients with NMD may be deleterious and cause the overtraining syndrome, characterized by the installation of symptoms which reflect a non-ideal relationship between effort stress and the tolerance to it, being externalized with the decreased of physical performance, increased muscle injuries and even immunosuppression, increasing the susceptibility to infections. Many NMD of chronic and progressive nature, and often relentless, need to be addressed with a focus on the management of muscle weakness, and not the increase in strength, rule which also applies to the muscles of swallowing and breathing.The grueling training with intense cardio accelerates the degradation of motor performance and death in animal models of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; on the other hand, low-inten-

Therapeutic Effect of Aquatic Resistance Exercise on Rectus Femoris and Knee in a Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis

“…The EXRA also showed a reduction in cross-sectional area and the smallest fiber diameter, but in the LPL, which can be explained by a possible biomechanical imbalance that may have generated a greater energy demand due to the intense inflammatory process in the RPL (39). Moreover, the presence of this contralateral atrophy may have occurred due to the increase in cortisol hormone, since pain promotes high levels of stress and has already been associated with the aquatic treatment protocol (40). However, for the injured limb, the proposed exercise protocol provided benefits in muscle morphometric parameters.…”

Systematic Review of Therapeutic Physical Exercise in Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis over Time

“…Specifically, the difference was 71 m, and no difference was observed in the controls with usual treatment. Thus, it seems that, with passive patient care, fatigue can be controlled more safely than with strength exercises, which can lead to a feeling of exhaustion [32]. However, they seem to be more capable of performing activities of daily living and their muscles could be more prepared to carry out fundamental activities (such as walking) for a longer period of time than patients with a more sedentary lifestyle, according to the results of the compared tests.…”

<strong>The Effectiveness of Therapeutic Physical Exercise in Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in Relation to the Alsfrs-R Functionality Scale: A Systematic Review</strong>

“…Van Groenestijn et al (2019) [17] 57 [32] G1= AET: 27 [10] G2= UC: 30 [22] G1: 60.9 (±10) G2: 59.9 (±10.…”

“…Specifically, the difference was 71 m, while it was maintained in the controls with usual treatment. That is, it seems that, with passive patient care, fatigue can be controlled more safely than with strength exercises, which can lead to a feeling of exhaustion [32]. However, they seem to be more able to carry out activities of daily living and their muscles could be more prepared to carry out fundamental activities (such as walking) for a longer period of time than patients with a more sedentary lifestyle, according to the results of the tests that have been compared.…”