Toxicidade De Acaricidas/Inseticidas Empregados Na Citricultura Para a Abelha Africanizada Apis Mellifera L., 1758 (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

Carvalho, Stephan Malfitano; Carvalho, G. A.; Carvalho, César Freire; Filho, J. S. S. Bueno; Baptista, Ana Paula Machado

doi:10.1590/1808-1657v76p5972009

Cited by 20 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 26 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…Thiamethoxam is one of the neonicotinoids compounds known to affect honeybees (Iwasa et al, 2004;Friol et al, 2017;Tavares et al, 2015 and2019). At high levels, neonicotinoids lead to paralysis and death of target and non-target insects by binding to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) which are expressed in the insect nervous system (Matsuda et al 2001;Goulson, 2013 andTsvetkov et al, 2017) As well, Carvalho et al, (2009) found also independent of the form of contamination, thiamethoxam was extremely toxic to bees, causing the death of more than 80% of the specimens after 3 days. Our results suggest using ortus in IPM programs to control harmful pests and bee's pathogens with least effect on A. mellifera.…”

Section: Honey Bees Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Study the Influence of Three Acaricides on Honeybee Workers Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) under Laboratory Conditions

Darwish

Ali²,

Aly³

2022

Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology

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Honey bees, Apis mellifera L. is a major global pollinator of crops and native plants. Insecticides have a negative and hazardous effect on A. mellifera, other pollinators, and beneficial organisms. This study was carried out to evaluate the influence of three acaricides; Ortus (fenpyroximate) 5% EC, Everken (abamectin)1.8% EC, and AgriFlex (abamectin+ thiamethoxam) 18.6% SC on the honeybee workers. These acaricides were chosen based on field observations, where those acaricides were used to control two-spotted spider mites on clover fields. A group of newly emerged honeybee workers was exposed to different dilutions (5, 7, 10, 13, and 15 ppm) of study candidate compounds. The control group was not treated with any acaricides. The mortality percentage was recorded after 24, 48, 72, and 96 hrs after acaricide applications, and LC50 and LC90 were calculated. Obtained results showed that everken and agriflex had significantly higher toxicity than ortus. Where LC50 for everken and agriflex ranged between 2.75 ppm to 7.94 ppm after 24, 48, 72, and 96 hrs of acaricide applications, while ortus recorded 47.1 ppm after 24 hrs. Control treatment had the least honey bee mortality compared to all acaricide applications not exceeding (7%) followed by ortus (36%). Nevertheless, everken and agriflex reach 100% mortality after 96 hrs of the applications. Consequently, these results suggest that ortus can be included in the Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Program against harmful insects or honey bee pathogens and safe to sustainable, productive, and healthy honeybee stocks for the future.

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Section: Honey Bees Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Study the Influence of Three Acaricides on Honeybee Workers Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) under Laboratory Conditions

Darwish

Ali²,

Aly³

2022

Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology

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Cytotoxic effects of thiamethoxam in the midgut and malpighian tubules of Africanized Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

Catae

Roat

Oliveira

et al. 2014

Microscopy Res & Technique

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Due to its expansion, agriculture has become increasingly dependent on the use of pesticides. However, the indiscriminate use of insecticides has had additional effects on the environment. These products have a broad spectrum of action, and therefore the insecticide affects not only the pests but also non-target insects such as bees, which are important pollinators of agricultural crops and natural environments. Among the most used pesticides, the neonicotinoids are particularly harmful. One of the neonicotinoids of specific concern is thiamethoxam, which is used on a wide variety of crops and is toxic to bees. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the effects of this insecticide in the midgut and Malpighian tubule cells of Africanized Apis mellifera. Newly emerged workers were exposed until 8 days to a diet containing a sublethal dose of thiamethoxam equal to 1/10 of LC₅₀ (0.0428 ng a.i./l L of diet). The bees were dissected and the organs were processed for transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that thiamethoxam is cytotoxic to midgut and Malpighian tubules. In the midgut, the damage was more evident in bees exposed to the insecticide on the first day. On the eighth day, the cells were ultrastructurally intact suggesting a recovery of this organ. The Malpighian tubules showed pronounced alterations on the eighth day of exposure of bees to the insecticide. This study demonstrates that the continuous exposure to a sublethal dose of thiamethoxam can impair organs that are used during the metabolism of the insecticide.

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Side‐effects of thiamethoxam on the brain andmidgut of the africanized honeybee Apis mellifera (Hymenopptera: Apidae)

Oliveira

Roat

Carvalho

et al. 2013

Environmental Toxicology

105

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The development of agricultural activities coincides with the increased use of pesticides to control pests, which can also be harmful to nontarget insects such as bees. Thus, the goal of this work was assess the toxic effects of thiamethoxam on newly emerged worker bees of Apis mellifera (africanized honeybee-AHB). Initially, we determined that the lethal concentration 50 (LC50 ) of thiamethoxam was 4.28 ng a.i./μL of diet. To determine the lethal time 50 (LT50 ), a survival assay was conducted using diets containing sublethal doses of thiamethoxam equal to 1/10 and 1/100 of the LC50. The group of bees exposed to 1/10 of the LC50 had a 41.2% reduction of lifespan. When AHB samples were analyzed by morphological technique we found the presence of condensed cells in the mushroom bodies and optical lobes in exposed honeybees. Through Xylidine Ponceau technique, we found cells which stained more intensely in groups exposed to thiamethoxam. The digestive and regenerative cells of the midgut from exposed bees also showed morphological and histochemical alterations, like cytoplasm vacuolization, increased apocrine secretion and increased cell elimination. Thus, intoxication with a sublethal doses of thiamethoxam can cause impairment in the brain and midgut of AHB and contribute to the honeybee lifespan reduction.

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Toxicidade De Acaricidas/Inseticidas Empregados Na Citricultura Para a Abelha Africanizada Apis Mellifera L., 1758 (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

Cited by 20 publications

References 26 publications

Study the Influence of Three Acaricides on Honeybee Workers Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) under Laboratory Conditions

Study the Influence of Three Acaricides on Honeybee Workers Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) under Laboratory Conditions

Cytotoxic effects of thiamethoxam in the midgut and malpighian tubules of Africanized Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

Side‐effects of thiamethoxam on the brain andmidgut of the africanized honeybee Apis mellifera (Hymenopptera: Apidae)

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