Through the literature review, the results of this study indicate that the use resulting from the voice in the work environment can trigger serious vocal problems associated with several factors and especially when used in excess. Objective: To analyze the factors that influence the loss of teachers' voices, indicate the incidence, causality factors and possible influences. Methodology: articles and books were surveyed with search in the following databases: Lilacs, Google Scholar, PubMed, Scielo and in the book Dysphonia's: diagnosis and treatment. Result: Dysphonic disorder has been increasingly frequent in teachers, and may be caused by hereditary, behavioral, lifestyle and mainly by excessive use of the voice. Conclusion: The use resulting from the voice in the work environment has triggered serious problems in the voice and often led the teacher to absenteeism from the work environment.