Periodontal disease and its impact on general health in Latin America. Section II: Introduction part II

Carvajal, Paola; Vernal, Rolando; Reinero, Daniela; Malheiros, Zilson; Stewart, Bernal; Pannuti, Cláudio Sérgio; Romito, Giuseppe Alexandre

doi:10.1590/1807-3107bor-2020.vol34.0023

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…81,86 Thus, individuals who combine regular tooth brushing with fluoridated toothpaste have a lower risk of dental caries. 87 There is no clinical evidence of a higher reduction in the risk of caries when the brushing frequency is > 2 times a day, 88 while there is a higher reduction in the risk of caries with increased fluoride concentration in the toothpaste. 87 A recent critical review conducted in Latin America has shown that one of the most common risk indicators for gingivitis is poor oral hygiene, 89 further highlighting the importance of oral hygiene.…”

Section: Oral Hygiene and Fluoride Toothpastementioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for dental caries in Latin American and Caribbean countries

et al. 2021

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Identifying the risk factors for dental caries is vital in epidemiology and clinical practices for developing effective preventive strategies, both, at the individual and collective levels. Different causality/determination models have been proposed to understand the development process of dental caries. In the present review, we designed a model inspired by the world-known social determinants models proposed in the 90s and more recently in the 10s, wherein the contextual factors are placed more externally and encompass the individual factors. The contextual factors included those related to the cultural and societal values, as well as the social and health government policies. The individual factors were classified into the following categories: socioeconomic (social class, occupation, income, and education level), demographic characteristics (age, sex, and ethnicity), behavioral factors (non-use of fluoride dentifrice, sugar consumption, poor oral hygiene, and lack of preventive dental care), and biological factors (recent caries experience/active caries lesions, biofilm retentive factors, developmental defects of the enamel, disabilities, saliva amount and quality, cariogenic biofilm). Each of these variables was addressed, while focusing on the current evidence from studies conducted in Latin American and Caribbean countries (LACC). Based on the proposed model, educational aspects were addressed, and individual caries risk assessment and management decisions were proposed; further, implications for public health policies and clinical practice were described. The identification of modifiable risk factors for dental caries should be the basis for multi-strategy actions that consider the diversity of Latin American communities.

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Section: Oral Hygiene and Fluoride Toothpastementioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for dental caries in Latin American and Caribbean countries

et al. 2021

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“…Their consequences on quality of life indicate a strong need for attention from health care systems worldwide [ 3 , 4 , 5 ]. Caries and periodontal diseases, two of the main oral diseases, affect a large percentage of the population in Latin America and Mexico; substantial oral health care needs have been observed [ 6 , 7 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic Inequalities and Toothbrushing Frequency among Schoolchildren Aged 6 to 12 Years in a Multi-Site Study of Mexican Cities: A Cross-Sectional Study

et al. 2022

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Periodic toothbrushing is the most common, effective, and reliable way to mechanically remove biofilm from oral tissues. The objective of the present study was to determine the association between toothbrushing frequency and socioeconomic position for schoolchildren between 6 and 12 years of age in four cities in Mexico. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 500 Mexican schoolchildren between 6 and 12 years of age from public schools in four Mexican cities. Questionnaires were administered to the parents/guardians of the schoolchildren to obtain the variables included in the study. The dependent variable was toothbrushing frequency, dichotomized as: 0 = less than twice a day and 1 = at least twice a day. The analysis was performed in Stata. The average age of the schoolchildren was 8.9 ± 1.9 years; 50.4% were female. The prevalence of toothbrushing was 52.8% (at least twice a day) (95% CI = 48.4−57.1). In the multivariate model, the variables associated (p < 0.05) with toothbrushing frequency were older age of the schoolchild (OR = 1.14); younger age of the mother (OR = 0.93); being a girl (OR = 1.70); being enrolled in Seguro Popular (OR = 0.69); being in a household that was owned (OR = 2.43); and being a schoolchild who lived in a home that owned a car (OR = 1.31). The prevalence of toothbrushing at least twice a day was just over 50% in these Mexican children. We found demographic and socioeconomic variables to be associated with toothbrushing. Based on socioeconomic variables that were associated with toothbrushing frequency—such as health insurance, home ownership and the household owning a car—the results of the present study confirm the existence of health inequalities in toothbrushing frequency.

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“…Given that PD is identi ed as a host response to an infection and not only the progression of a clinical condition, recognizing modifiable risk factors for adequate clinical management of patients should be a priority in health policies directed at vulnerable populations [9]. Data on PD are scarce and present variable results among countries in Latin America [10]. As PD is associated with chronic diseases and Brazil is experiencing an accelerated population aging process that affects various socioeconomic profiles, the analysis of associated risk factors among populations is needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodontal Disease in the Brazilian Population: A Retrospective Analysis on the 2013 National Health Survey to Identifying Risk Profiles

Nascimento

Costa

Guerra

2022

International Journal of Dentistry

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Periodontal disease (PD) is a global public health problem with prevalence varying according to social and economic contexts; however, few studies have investigated the distribution of PD worldwide. PD is the host response to an infection or progression of a clinical condition, and the identification of modifiable risk factors for adequate clinical management of patients should be a priority in health policies directed to vulnerable population groups. In this context, we investigated the characteristics and risk factors for PD using the Brazilian National Health Survey 2013 (PNS-2013). A cluster analysis using the interdependence technique was applied to explore data on the risk of periodontitis. The presence or absence of a risk factor was analyzed using five variables (ten categories), while ordinal regression assessed risk profiles based on sociodemographic aspects of the Brazilian population. Individuals were classified as low (26.33%), medium (23.34%), or high risk (50.32%) for PD. Age, educational level, ethnicity, and Brazilian regions (except the North region) were significantly associated with risk for PD in the adjusted final regression model. Individual and social contexts were factors related to the high risk of PD in the Brazilian population. Our results highlight the need for public policies on healthy habits to prevent systemic diseases affecting oral health.

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Periodontal disease and its impact on general health in Latin America. Section II: Introduction part II

Cited by 11 publications

References 38 publications

Risk factors for dental caries in Latin American and Caribbean countries

Risk factors for dental caries in Latin American and Caribbean countries

Socioeconomic Inequalities and Toothbrushing Frequency among Schoolchildren Aged 6 to 12 Years in a Multi-Site Study of Mexican Cities: A Cross-Sectional Study

Periodontal Disease in the Brazilian Population: A Retrospective Analysis on the 2013 National Health Survey to Identifying Risk Profiles

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