Inorganic filler content of resin-based luting agents and the color of ceramic veneers

Abstract

The influence of inorganic filler content of resin-based luting agents (RBLAs) on color change (ΔE00), CIEL*a*b* (individual color coordinates), and translucency parameters (TP) of simulated ceramic laminate veneer (CLV) was investigated. RBLAs with low, intermediate, and high inorganic filler content (55%, 65%, and 75% mass fractions, respectively) were prepared. Feldspar ceramic (Vitablocs Mark II) specimens (1.2 mm × 0.8 mm, A1C shade) were bonded to simulated composite resin substrates (1.6 mm × 1.2 mm, A2D shade) using three experimental and a commercial (RelyX Veneer) RBLA (translucent shade). The ΔE00 was calculated by CIEDE2000 color difference metric under three conditions (before, immediately after, and 24 h after luting). The TP was calculated using CIEL*a*b* color coordinates measured over white and black backgrounds. Surface morphology of the RBLAs was analyzed. One-way and two-way analyses of variance with a post-hoc Tukey's test were used respectively to calculate TP, CIEL*a*b* coordinates, and ΔE00 (α= 0.05). Overall, the tested RBLAs presented clinically visible ∆E00 values under the three conditions evaluated. For all RBLAs, higher ∆E00 values were observed between measurements obtained before and immediately after luting. Different inorganic filler content did not significantly increase the opacity of the ceramic-luting agents-resin composite set. The variation in inorganic filler content did not influence significantly the TP of simulated CLV; although all of the experimental RBLAs tested yielded ∆E00 above the perceptibility threshold. The L*, a*, and b* individual color coordinates were cementation-dependent.

Niobium silicate as a filler for an experimental photopolymerizable luting agent

“…Filler type and concentration in photopolymerizable luting agents affect their physicomechanical properties [15], color stability [26] and adhesive properties [27]. The stability of luting agents in cemented ceramic laminate veneers is associated with reduced debonding failure, color change and marginal discoloration [1,4].…”

Influence of feldspar ceramic thickness on the properties of resin cements and restorative set

“…The ceramic specimens were wet‐polished on both sides using 600 and 1200‐grit Silicon Carbide abrasive papers (Norton). After the wet‐polishing procedure, the final thickness and dimensions of the ceramic specimens were measured using a digital caliper (Mitutoyo) [26], considering a tolerance in the thickness measurements of ±0.02 mm [20].…”

“…The ceramic specimens were etched on their upper surface with 10% hydrofluoric acid (Condac Porcelana 10%; FGM) for 60 s and washed for 30 s [27]. Subsequently, the specimens were etched with 37% phosphoric acid (Condac 37; FGM) for 30 s, washed, and then dried with compressed air for 30 s. Two layers of a silane‐coupling agent (RelyX Ceramic Primer; 3M ESPE) were then applied and dried for 60 s [26].…”

“…In order to achieve a standardized resin cement thickness between 100 and 250 µm, as previously reported as clinically observed [28], silicone molds of vinyl polysiloxane material (Scan Putty; Yller) were created from ceramic specimens of different thicknesses previously luted, applying a load of 750 g/f for 2 min [26, 29] (Figure 2). The final dimensions of the specimens were measured using a digital caliper (Mitutoyo).…”

Influence of Different Beverages on Color Stability and Whiteness of Adhesive Resin Cements

“…1 The color stability of these restorations are important for esthetic demands and affected by various factors such as the translucency of ceramic material, color of underlying tooth structure and the type of adhesive resin cements being used to lute restorations. 2 So, the color stability of chosen adhesive resin cement can promote the esthetic longevity of the restorations. Recently, adhesive resin cements have been preferred for luting indirect restorations thanks to their good mechanical properties e.g.…”