Effects of concentrated growth factors on the angiogenic properties of dental pulp cells and endothelial cells: an in vitro study

Abstract

The aim was to investigate the angiogenic effects of concentrated growth factors on human dental pulp cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Cells were treated with concentrated growth factor extracts. The CCK-8 assay and cell cycle assay were conducted to evaluate cell growth. Cell migration was evaluated by the Transwell migration assay. Angiogenesis-associated mRNA and protein expression levels were determined using quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. A tube formation assay was conducted to evaluate the angiogenic capacity in vitro. The data showed that compared with the control, concentrated growth factor extracts significantly promoted dental pulp cell proliferation and differentiation and endothelial cell proliferation and migration in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). Concentrated growth factor extracts also promoted the tube-like structure formation of endothelial cells in vitro. The RT-PCR and Western blot results showed that concentrated growth factor extracts upregulated the expression of angiogenesis-related genes - chemokine receptor-4, platelet-derived growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor - in dental pulp cells. In conclusion, concentrated growth factors showed proangiogenic effects on dental pulp cells and endothelial cells and have good application potential for dental pulp revascularization.

In vitro and in vivo effects of concentrated growth factor on cells and tissues

“…Only one study in this group compared CGF extract with other platelet concentrate including PRP, PRGF, and A‐PRF extract and reported more proliferation in PRP‐treated cells (Masuki et al, ). While in the study of Jun et al on CGF extracts (2, 5, 10, and 15%), a dose‐dependent manner in CGF groups was reported, study of Chen et al on the effects of 5, 10, 15, and 20% concentrations of CCM showed better effect of 5% CGF in comparison to other concentrations (Chen, Jiao, et al, ; Jun et al, ).…”

“…The next step is centrifugation of this exudate at 500 × g for 5 min and removal of red blood cells (Li et al, ). CGFe could also be prepared by mincing CGF clots, homogenizing it and storing at −80°C for 1 hr, then using the supernatants after centrifugation (Jun, Lei, Qifang, Yuan, & Deqin, ).…”

“…Most studies listed in Tables and have focused on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. However, the effects of CGF on migration and endothelial differentiation or angiogenesis were also under investigation in four studies included in this review (Hong et al, ; Jin et al, ; Jun et al, ; Qin, Wang, Sun, et al, ). Improvement of cell migration is the result of a high concentration of chemotactic factors, such as PDGF‐BB and bFGF in CGF.…”

“…Only one study in this group compared CGF extract with other platelet concentrate including PRP, PRGF, and A-PRF extract and reported more proliferation in PRP-treated cells(Masuki et al, 2016). While in the study of Jun et al on CGF extracts (2, 5, 10, and 15%), a dose-dependent manner in CGF groups was reported, study of Chen et al on the effects of 5, 10, 15, and 20% concentrations of CCM showed better effect of 5% CGF in comparison to other concentrations(Chen, Jiao, et al, 2019;Jun et al, 2018).3.4 | In vivo effect of CGFSince the introduction of CGF by Sacco in 2006, many studies have evaluated the osteoinductive and regenerative properties of CGF in clinical studies as case series, animal studies, or clinical trials. In this regard, with excluding case series (without a control group), 18 studies on bone regeneration and six studies on regeneration of other tissues are listed inTables 4 and 5.…”

Autologous Concentrated Growth Factors Combined with Topical Minoxidil for the Treatment of Male Androgenetic Alopecia: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

“…16 As CGF was produced by alternate centrifugation, CGF contains abundant autologous growth factors that can promote cell proliferation, migration, osteogenic differentiation, and angiogenic properties in wound healing and bone regeneration. [17][18][19][20][21][22] Our recent studies revealed that CGF injection in hairless scalp could enhance the hair density and optimize the hairless appearance in AGA patients. 23 Therefore, we expanded on the results of previous studies by combining MXD with CGF and hypothesized that CGF intensifies the MXD efficacy to generate a more beneficial and stable HG effect on AGA.…”