Sutures modified by incorporation of chlorhexidine and cinnamaldehyde: anti-Candida effect, bioavailability and mechanical properties

Abstract

Introduction Antimicrobial sutures are a therapeutic alternative for the control of oral infections. Objective Incorporate Chlorhexidine (CHX) and Cinnamaldehyde (CN) in sutures and evaluate the anti-Candida effect, release of antimicrobials and mechanical properties. Material and method Silk (S) and Polyglactin 910 (P) sutures were aseptically sectioned (20 mm) and immersed for incorporation in 0.12% CHX, 0.4% CN and 0.9% saline solutions under stirring for 60 minutes (n = 10 / group). Suspensions of 500 μL of Candida albicans (ATCC 90028/ 1 × 106 CFU/mL) were used to evaluate fungal adhesion after the 48 h period at 37°C. The release of CLX and CN were evaluated at 0, 24 and 48 hours (n=3/group) by UV-VIS spectrophotometer (275 nm). The tensile strength and displacement (n=5/group) were evaluated after incorporation (30 mm/min, 50N). Data were analyzed by Anova and Tukey (α = 5%). Result No anti-Candida effect was observed on S and P sutures incorporated with CLX and CN (p>0.05). However, progressive release was verified up to 48 after treatment with CLX (S = 0.075 / P = 0.073 μg/mL) and CN (S = 35.33 /P= 5.72 μg/mL). There was a decrease in tensile strength in S (CLX = 9.9 / CN = 9.9 N) and P (CLX = 14.4 / CN = 15.5 N) (p<0.05). No differences were observed for the displacement for S (CLX = 19.3 / CN=20.7 mm) and P (CLX = 16.2 / CN=15.8 mm) (p>0.05). Conclusion The incorporation of CLX and CN did not have a positive effect on the biological and mechanical properties of the sutures evaluated.

Antibiofilm Potential of Medicinal Plants against Candida spp. Oral Biofilms: A Review

“…Other mechanisms include the expression of resistance genes, particularly those encoding efflux pumps, and the presence of persistent cells [ 67 ]. The interaction of bacteria and Candida within the biofilm is increasingly evident, however, the role of fungi in the progression of inflammation and the prognosis of oral infections remains uncertain [ 68 ].…”

“…The essential oils extracted from C. nardus L. and C. winterianus Jowitt species showed, in different studies, to be highly effective in combating C. albicans oral biofilms. C. nardus showed, at a concentration of 32.0 µg∙mL −1 , an adherence inhibition of C. albicans ATCC 76645 higher than 99.0%, [ 68 ] and the application of C. winterianus essential oil, at a concentration of 1.00 mg∙mL −1 , led to a reduction of C. albicans ATCC 90028 oral biofilm formation by more than 99.0%. In both species, the authors attributed the antibiofilm potential to the main compound identified in these species, namely citronellal.…”