Yield components and water use efficiency in coriander under irrigation and nitrogen fertilization

Abstract

A B S T R A C TAmong the determining factors of yield, nitrogen (N) fertilization and the correct supply of water play an important role in the quality and yield aspects of coriander. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the yield components and the water use efficiency (WUE) in coriander subjected to different depths and N doses. A completely randomized design in split plot was used. Water depths were applied in the plots at the rates of 25, 50, 75, 100 and 125% of the Required Real Irrigation (RRI). N doses were distributed within the subplots at the following proportions: 50, 100 and 150% of the recommendation for the crop (70 kg ha -1 ). The N dose of 94 kg ha -1 and irrigation depth of 115% of RRI promoted the greatest yield (29.0 t ha -1 ) and number of bunches (29 bunches m -2 ). The highest number of leaves per plant was obtained with the N dose of 103.2 kg ha -1 and irrigation depth of 68% of the RRI. The maximum plant height (43 cm) was obtained with N dose of 105 kg ha -1 and irrigation depth of 121% of RRI. The highest WUE in coriander (71 kg m -3 ) occurred at the irrigation depth of 26% of RRI and N dose of 105 kg ha -1 .Componentes de produção e eficiência do uso d'água em coentro sob irrigação e adubação nitrogenada R E S U M O Dentre os fatores determinantes da produção a adubação nitrogenada e o suprimento adequado de água desempenham papel importante nos aspectos de qualidade e de produção do coentro. Portanto, objetivou-se avaliar os componentes de produção e a eficiência do uso da água (EUA) do coentro quando submetido a diferentes lâminas de irrigação e doses de nitrogênio. Foi empregado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema de parcelas subdivididas. As lâminas de irrigação foram aplicadas nas parcelas nos níveis: 25, 50, 75, 100 e 125% da Irrigação Real Necessária (IRN). Já as doses de nitrogênio foram distribuídas dentro das subparcelas nas seguintes proporções: 50, 100 e 150% da recomendação para a cultura (70 kg ha -1 ). A dose de nitrogênio e a lâmina de água que proporcionaram a maior produtividade e número de molhos foram de 94 kg ha -1 e 115% da IRN, resultando em 29,0 t ha -1 e 29 molhos m -2 . O maior número de folhas por planta foi obtido com a dose de 103,2 kg ha -1 de N e 68% da IRN. A altura máxima alcançada foi de 43 cm, com 105 kg ha -1 de N e 121% IRN. A maior EUA no coentro ocorreu para a lâmina de irrigação de 26% da IRN e a dose de nitrogênio de 105 kg ha -1 , o que resultou em uma EUA de 71 kg m -3 .

Morphological and Ecophysiological Indicators for Coriander Under Irrigation Depths and Nitrogen Levels

“…These authors observed considerable reducing of root development with N applying. For coriander, was observed growing of branches, leafs and umbels for adequate N applying (Angeli et al, 2016;Bhunia et al, 2009;Pooja & Yadav, 2017). The N improves photosynthesis, rate of water uptake and root hydraulic conductance accompanied by aquaporin activity for rice crop (Ren et al, 2015).…”

“…Similar to leaf chlorophyll "a", adequate N supplying result in more leaf chlorophyll "b" content. Nitrogen being a major plant nutrient plays a major role in chlorophyll synthesis (Ren et al, 2015), photosynthetic activity (Ren et al, 2015) and crop growth (Angeli et al, 2016;Freitas et al, 2017).…”

“…The lower WUE allied with increment of irrigation depths (Hassan & Ali, 2014) could be due to a greater loss of water by evaporation than the corresponding increase of biomass (Allen et al, 1998). Higher N fertilization improve plant dry matter accumulation, manly due leaf grown (Angeli et al, 2016;Moosavi, 2012) increasing the WUE. Furthermore, high dose of N is linked with highest net return (Singh et al, 2018;Bhunia et al, 2009).…”

“…The ET c was estimated through climatic variables (Allen et al, 1998, Angeli et al, 2016Freitas et al, 2017). The initial, medium and end K cb were 0.15, 1.15 and 0.70, respectively (Allen et al, 1998).…”

“…Nutrients fertilization, mainly nitrogen (N), has great importance in quality and quantity of coriander produce (Diwan et al, 2018;Angeli et al, 2016). N is necessary for protein synthesis and the N leaf status is frequently measured by chlorophyll contents through indirect methods as leaf chlorophyll index (Andrade et al, 2017).…”