Tolerance of upland rice cultivars to aluminum and acidic pH

Abstract

A B S T R A C TAlthough the upland rice has been known by its moderate tolerance to aluminum, the presence of exchangeable aluminum in acidic soils may inhibit and compromise the adequate plant growth. However, there are few reports detailing modern cultivars used by Brazilian farmers with respect to their susceptibility to aluminum toxicity. This study aimed to characterize the cultivars currently used in the upland rice production with respect to their tolerance to aluminum and their growth under low pH conditions without aluminum. The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design, in a 2 x 9 factorial scheme: presence and absence of aluminum in the nutrient solution and nine upland rice cultivars (BRS Monarca, BRS Pepita, BRS Bonança, BRS Primavera, BRS Sertaneja, Maravilha, IAC 202, ANCambará and ANa7007), with four replicates. Based on the distribution of upland rice cultivars in quartiles, they were divided into two groups; aluminum-tolerant group: BRS Pepita, BRS Primavera and ANa7007; and aluminum-susceptible group: BRS Monarca, BRS Bonança, BRS Sertaneja, Maravilha, IAC 202 and ANCambará. Tolerância de cultivares de arroz de terras altas ao alumínio e pH ácido R E S U M O Apesar de o arroz de terras altas ser reconhecido por sua moderada tolerância ao alumínio, a presença de alumínio trocável em solos ácidos pode inibir e comprometer o crescimento adequado das plantas; no entanto, poucos são os relatos descrevendo, de forma detalhada, os cultivares modernos utilizados pelos agricultores brasileiros quanto a sua susceptibilidade à toxicidade de alumínio. Objetivou-se neste estudo caracterizar os cultivares atualmente utilizados na produção de arroz de terras altas em relação à tolerância ao alumínio e ao seu crescimento sob cultivo em condição de baixo pH sem alumínio. Os tratamentos foram dispostos em um delineamento em blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 2 × 9: presença e ausência de alumínio na solução nutritiva e nove cultivares de arroz de terras altas (BRS Monarca, BRS Pepita, BRS Bonança, BRS Primavera, BRS Sertaneja, Maravilha, IAC 202, ANCambará e ANa7007), com quatro repetições. Com a distribuição dos cultivares de arroz de terras altas em quartis foi possível diferenciar os cultivares em dois grupos. Grupo tolerante ao Al 3+ : BRS Pepita, BRS Primavera e ANa7007; grupo suscetível ao Al 3+ : BRS Monarca, BRS Bonança BRS Sertaneja, Maravilha, IAC 202 e ANCambará.

Effects of silicon on aluminum toxicity in upland rice plants

“…The experiment was arranged in a 2 × 5 factorial randomized complete block design, with five replicates. The experiments included two upland rice cultivars (ANa7007, which is Al tolerant, and Maravilha, which is Al susceptible) (Freitas et al 2016) and four Si and Al treatments (control = without Si and Al; +Si = with Si and without Al; +Al = without Si and with Al; and +Si + Al = with Si and Al). The Si and Al concentrations in the solution were defined in preliminary studies.…”

Aluminum tolerance in castor bean lines1

“…The definition of castor bean lines as Al tolerant or susceptible via quartiles, using the method proposed by Fisher & Maurer (1978) and adapted by Guimarães et al (2006), was also established in upland rice plants, as demonstrated by Guimarães et al (2006) and Freitas et al (2016).…”

Growth study of rice genotypes to varying levels of aluminum

“…Per cent reduction in harvest index was highest in genotype Marin Chatpi and lowest per cent reduction was observed in the genotypes Rajamani followed by Rene Nepung Aam. According to Freitas et al, (2016) [3] , reduced number of panicles per plant, grain production, shoots dry matter and harvest index of upland rice cultivars were higher in sensitive cultivars than in tolerant cultivars when grown in soil containing higher amount of alumnium. According to our study, genotypes viz.…”