Monitoramento da operação de colheita mecanizada de sementes de soja

Abstract

R E S U M OA operação de colheita mecanizada de sementes demanda que as regulagens das colhedoras sejam dinâmicas, fato que afeta diretamente a qualidade da operação e dos grãos colhidos. Desta forma, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi monitorar, em intervalos regulares de tempo, a qualidade da operação de colheita de sementes de soja realizada simultaneamente por duas colhedoras de grãos, com emprego do controle estatístico de qualidade (CEQ). O trabalho foi realizado em um campo de produção de sementes na região de Catalão, GO, onde foram monitorados o desempenho operacional das colhedoras, as perdas quantitativas na colheita e as perdas qualitativas das sementes. Observou-se que as colhedoras monitoradas operaram em condições semelhantes porém as regulagens na folga do cilindro e na rotação do rotor otimizaram os índices de perdas mantendo a qualidade das sementes colhidas. Assim, todos os índices de perda avaliados, tanto as perdas quantitativas como os valores das perdas qualitativas, se encontraram dentro dos limites de controle estatístico o que permite se atribuir qualidade e confiabilidade para a operação de colheita mecanizada de sementes. Monitoring of mechanized harvest operation of soybean seeds A B S T R A C TThe mechanized operation of harvesting seeds demands that the adjustments of harvesters should be dynamic, which directly affects the quality of the operation and the harvested grain. Thus, the objective of this study was to monitor, at regular intervals of time, the quality operation of harvesting of soybean seeds held simultaneously by two combine harvesters, with use of statistical control quality (SCQ). The study was conducted in a field of seed production in the region of Catalan, GO, Brazil, where the operational performance of harvesters, quantitative crop losses and qualitative losses of seeds were monitored. It was observed that the monitored harvesters were operated under similar conditions, but the adjustments in the cylinder and in the rotor rotation optimized the indexes of losses, maintaining the quality of harvested seeds. Thus, all evaluated indexes of losses both quantitative losses as the values of qualitative losses were within the limits of statistical control, which allows assigning quality and reliability for operation of mechanized harvesting of seeds. Palavras-chave:Glycine max colhedora de grãos perdas na colheita controle estatístico de qualidade (CEQ)

Can combine headers and travel speeds affect the quality of soybean harvesting operations?

“…According to the classification by Gomes & Garcia (2002), the CV of the present study was high, possibly due to the effects of harvester, climate, plant, and soil factors, which cause high variability during data collection. High CV values have been observed by other researchers (Campos et al, 2005;Holtz & Reis, 2013;Silva et al, 2013;Loureiro Júnior et al, 2014;Cassia et al, 2015) and suggest the need for a classification that considers the specificities of the agricultural area, particularly with respect to agricultural mechanization.…”

Physiological quality of mechanically harvested chickpea seeds

“…The purity test indicates how the combination of harvester and rotor rotation speeds influence mechanical damages during the harvesting operation. Cassia et al (2015) tested two similar harvesters with different cylinder clearance and rotor rotation settings and obtained purity of approximately 99% for at least of the combinations, meaning that it is possible to obtain seed lots with low rates of mechanical damage from mechanical harvesting.…”

Loss sampling methods for soybean mechanical harvest

“…tons during soybean harvest. Losses in mechanized soybean harvesting can be caused by factors, such as the use of non-adapted cultivars, grain water content, machine settings (cylinder rotation, harvester speed, hollow opening, and cutting height), and often are caused by the lack of trained operators for this function (Cassia et al 2015). In this regard, there are many questions about the size of the frame used to collect losses during mechanized soybean harvesting.…”