Physical Exercise and Immune System: Perspectives on the COVID-19 pandemic

Improta-Caria, Alex Cleber; Soci, Úrsula Paula Renó; Pinho, Cristiano Silva; Aras, Roque; Sousa, Ricardo Augusto Leoni De; Barbosa, Theolis

doi:10.1590/1806-9282.67.suppl1.20200673

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Physical activity is another element frequently implemented in health-promotion programs for physical wellbeing, stress management, nonpharmacological disease prevention, etc. [43,[53][54][55]. Health responsibility is a dimension of health promotion that is often applied by researchers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficiency of an Online Health-Promotion Program in Individuals with At-Risk Mental State during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Tsai

Chen

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Mental health issues caused by the COVID-19 pandemic greatly impact people’s daily lives. Individuals with an at-risk mental state are more vulnerable to mental health issues, and these may lead to onset of full psychotic illnesses. This study aimed to develop and evaluate an online health-promotion program for physical and mental health of the individuals with at-risk mental state during the COVID-19 pandemic. A single group study with pre- and post-tests was conducted in 39 young adults with at-risk mental state. The participants were provided with the online health-promotion program after completing the pretest. Via social media, the online counseling program released one topic of material (about 15–20 min) every two weeks and provided interactive counseling for specific personal health needs on the platform. Study questionnaires, physiological examination, and blood serum examination were completed at both pre- and post-tests. The participants showed significant improvements in mental risk, anxiety, and physical activity after participating in the program. Furthermore, those who did not complete the program had significantly more severe negative symptoms. These results imply that the online health-promotion program is effective and accessible under certain barriers such as the COVID-19 pandemic, but not for individuals with higher risk of more negative mental health symptoms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficiency of an Online Health-Promotion Program in Individuals with At-Risk Mental State during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Tsai

Chen

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…The anti-inflammatory effects of exercise and changes in various indicators of the innate immune system following acute physical exercise can improve the innate immune system responses to infections. In addition, regular physical exercise training creates effective responses in the acquired immune system especially in elderly people ( 35 ). Physical exercise has been shown to reduce mortality from illnesses such as the flu, and higher levels of physical activity have reduced the incidence of severe cases, hospitalization rates, and mortality in COVID-19 ( 36 , 37 ).…”

Section: Physical Exercise In Cancer and Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Effects of Exercise Training and Nutritional Supplementation in Cancer Patients in the Context of the COVID-19: A Perspective Study

et al. 2022

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The 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic, has caused unprecedented global social and economic impacts and many deaths. Many risk factors have been identified in the progression of COVID-19 to severe and critical stages, and it is shown that the coronavirus appears more severely in people with cancer. Pro-inflammatory status and weakened immune system due to cancer-related treatments can be determinants in the immune system’s response to the coronavirus in these patients. Higher physical activity levels are associated with lower hospitalization rates and mortality in COVID-19. Also, regular exercise training can improve immune system responses, modulate inflammatory responses, and improve psychological parameters in cancer patients. The interactive effects of nutritional supplements on immune responses and anti-inflammatory status have been shown in some studies. The purpose of this perspective article was to investigate the interaction between dietary supplementation and regular physical exercise in controlling risk factors associated with coronavirus in cancer patients. In addition to appropriate dietary habits, some nutritional supplements, especially vitamin D, have been shown to improve the immune system’s response against COVID-19 and cancer. Using lifestyle strategies such as regular physical activity and intake of functional compounds as supplements can be effective in treatment outcomes, quality of life, and overall survival in cancer patients. We proposed that combining dietary supplements and exercise training in cancer patients can boost immune responses against COVID-19 and probably improve vaccine responses. Angiotensin (ANG)-(1-7) Mas receptor axis can probably activate following exercise training and vitamin D combination. And can prevent pulmonary injury, hematological alterations, and hyperinflammatory state in COVID-19.

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“…Exercise stimulates the release of cytokines and other beneficial factors into the blood, which contributes beneficial effects and this is an emerging concept in the field of exercise biology (50). Exercise is also thought to be an effective non-pharmacological therapy for preventing and treating chronic non-communicable diseases and infections (51). However, more research is needed on the latter claim because an acute response to high-intensity exercise results in transient suppression of the immune system, rendering people to be more susceptible to infections and viral reactivation, whereas continued moderate-intensity training strengthens the immune system's defences against microorganisms and pathogens, making people more resistant to infections and viral reactivation.…”

Section: Covid-19 and Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, more research is needed on the latter claim because an acute response to high-intensity exercise results in transient suppression of the immune system, rendering people to be more susceptible to infections and viral reactivation, whereas continued moderate-intensity training strengthens the immune system's defences against microorganisms and pathogens, making people more resistant to infections and viral reactivation. Low-intensity exercise is thought to be beneficial for beginners and individuals with chronic health issues (51,52). Increased physical activities have psychological benefits.…”

Section: Covid-19 and Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenge of New Norms: Obesity amid COVID-19 Pandemic

Zia¹,

Lee²,

Mamat³

2022

MJMHS

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COVID-19 pandemic aggravated the global public health system, which is already overwhelmed by the increasing statistics of comorbidities and burden due to obesity. The number of individuals with obesity and obesity-associated diseases are rising in many regions that could attribute to the growing obesogenic environment and the lockdown implemented to curb COVID-19. This review focuses on the aspects of the obesity epidemic, chronic inflammatory effects of obesity, positive outcomes of obesity interventions and the worsening effects observed in obese COVID-19 patients. The chronic inflammatory effects of obesity are apparent by the increase of pro-inflammatory signals by immune cells in the adipose tissue and reactive species populations. The reduction of antioxidants exacerbates the effects of oxidative stress on genomic and tissue levels. The public must be made aware of the importance of practising a healthier lifestyle, even more now as we are fighting the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Physical Exercise and Immune System: Perspectives on the COVID-19 pandemic

Cited by 17 publications

References 35 publications

Efficiency of an Online Health-Promotion Program in Individuals with At-Risk Mental State during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Efficiency of an Online Health-Promotion Program in Individuals with At-Risk Mental State during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Combined Effects of Exercise Training and Nutritional Supplementation in Cancer Patients in the Context of the COVID-19: A Perspective Study

Challenge of New Norms: Obesity amid COVID-19 Pandemic

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