Coinfection of SARS-CoV-2 and Measles morbillivirus in a front-line health worker in Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

Nascimento, Jacqueline Fernandes do; Castro, Renata Rodrigues Teixeira de; Nascimento, Janie Kelly Fernandes do; Knoploch, Brunno Bastos; Duque, Patrícia Maria Carla Osório; Neves, Marco Antônio Orsini

doi:10.1590/1806-9282.66.8.1027

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…There is a belief among the health professionals that only a single virus that can cause clinical syndrome, 32 COVID-19 pandemic, should therefore be one of the cases where syndromes due to coinfection may exist. Stephanie et al reported that the coinfection of SARS-CoV-2 and measles morbillivirus in a front-line health worker in Brazil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stephanie et al reported that the coinfection of SARS-CoV-2 and measles morbillivirus in a front-line health worker in Brazil. 32 Next, we examined the number of patients with measles virus seropositive that had SARS-CoV-2 reactive. Overall, we found 19 individuals with either IgG or IgM SARS-CoV-2 seropositive, which accounted for N= 9 individuals with IgG-SARS-CoV-2 reactive in IgM-measles virus-positive samples, among who were 33.3% were male and 66.7% female.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early Evidence of Circulating SARS-CoV-2 in Unvaccinated and Vaccinated Measles Patients, September 2019–February 2020

Paixão¹,

Galangue²,

Gaston³

et al. 2022

IDR

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Background The global emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has challenged healthcare and rapidly spread over the globe. Early detection of new infections is crucial in the control of emerging diseases. Evidence of early recorded COVID-19 cases outside China has been documented in various countries. In this study, we aimed to identify the time of SARS-CoV-2 infection circulation by retrospectively analyzing sera of measles patients, weeks before the reported first COVID-19 cases in Angola. Materials and Methods We examined the humoral response against SARS-CoV-2 by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based assay on a combined two-step sandwich enzyme immunoassay method. In total, we received 568 study patients with blood specimens collected from 23 September 2019 to 28 February 2020, 442 sera samples that met the criteria of the study were withdrawn and selected from the overall 568 received samples. In this study, we considered seropositives, patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) and M (IgM) antibodies with the index value >1. Results Of the 442 sera samples that met the criteria of the study, 204 were measles seropositive. Forty out of 204 were confirmed reactive to SARS-CoV-2 viral proteins using IgG and IgM more than 2 weeks before the first reported case in Angola. The humoral response analysis showed significant differences ( p = 0.01) between the IgG and IgM indexes in the unvaccinated measles patients. Similarly, a significant difference ( p = 0.001) was seen between the IgG and IgM indexes in the vaccinated measles patients. Conclusion Here, using the humoral response analysis, we report the identification of early circulation SARS-CoV-2 infection weeks before the first recognized cases in the Republic of Angola.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Evidence of Circulating SARS-CoV-2 in Unvaccinated and Vaccinated Measles Patients, September 2019–February 2020

Paixão¹,

Galangue²,

Gaston³

et al. 2022

IDR

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“…Measles has been described in association with SARS-CoV-2 in a front-line healthcare worker [84], as well as the association of dengue with SARS-CoV-2 infection [85]. Lastly, Abdoli [86] expressed concerns that helminthic co-infection may increase morbidity and mortality in COVID-19 due to their suppressive effect on the immune response.…”

Section: Othermentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of co-infections and secondary infections in patients with COVID-19

2021

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Background It has been recognised for a considerable time-period, that viral respiratory infections predispose patients to bacterial infections, and that these co-infections have a worse outcome than either infection on its own. However, it is still unclear what exact roles co-infections and/or superinfections play in patients with COVID-19 infection. Main body This was an extensive review of the current literature regarding co-infections and superinfections in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The definitions used were those of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US), which defines coinfection as one occurring concurrently with the initial infection, while superinfections are those infections that follow on a previous infection, especially when caused by microorganisms that are resistant, or have become resistant, to the antibiotics used earlier. Some researchers have envisioned three potential scenarios of bacterial/SARS-CoV-2 co-infection; namely, secondary SARS-CoV-2 infection following bacterial infection or colonisation, combined viral/bacterial pneumonia, or secondary bacterial superinfection following SARS-CoV-2. There are a myriad of published articles ranging from letters to the editor to systematic reviews and meta-analyses describing varying ranges of co-infection and/or superinfection in patients with COVID-19. The concomitant infections described included other respiratory viruses, bacteria, including mycobacteria, fungi, as well as other, more unusual, pathogens. However, as will be seen in this review, there is often not a clear distinction made in the literature as to what the authors are referring to, whether true concomitant/co-infections or superinfections. In addition, possible mechanisms of the interactions between viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2, and other infections, particularly bacterial infections are discussed further. Lastly, the impact of these co-infections and superinfections in the severity of COVID-19 infections and their outcome is also described. Conclusion The current review describes varying rates of co-infections and/or superinfections in patients with COVID-19 infections, although often a clear distinction between the two is not clear in the literature. When they occur, these infections appear to be associated with both severity of COVID-19 as well as poorer outcomes.

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“…Coinfections can promote genetic exchange and the production of recombinant viruses, influencing viral evolution, antiviral sensitivity, and disease progression which can create havoc in the country. 15 To put a stop to it, at the end of 2020, after many provinces began reporting new spikes in patients with measles, Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) started a vaccination campaign that reached 70,000 children, with an emphasis on those living in difficult-to-reach areas, effectively stopping the disease's spread. MSF's funding also resulted in the treatment of over 1200 patients.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Measles returns to the Democratic Republic of Congo: A new predicament amid the COVID‐19 crisis

Mohan

Temitope

Çavdaroğlu

et al. 2021

Journal of Medical Virology

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Coinfection of SARS-CoV-2 and Measles morbillivirus in a front-line health worker in Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

Early Evidence of Circulating SARS-CoV-2 in Unvaccinated and Vaccinated Measles Patients, September 2019–February 2020

Early Evidence of Circulating SARS-CoV-2 in Unvaccinated and Vaccinated Measles Patients, September 2019–February 2020

The role of co-infections and secondary infections in patients with COVID-19

Measles returns to the Democratic Republic of Congo: A new predicament amid the COVID‐19 crisis

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