Introduction:Pneumothorax is defined as the presence of air in the pleural cavity. It is classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and iatrogenic. Spontaneous pneumothorax is divided into Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax (PSP) or Secondary Spontaneous Pneumothorax (SSP) depending on the existence of an underlying respiratory disease. This study investigated the factors that influence the onset and recurrence of PSP and SSP such as physical and demographical characteristics, exposure habits, and clinical signs.
Methods:It was carried out a cross-sectional study with 43 patients diagnosed with spontaneous pneumothorax, in this study were observed and analyzed the clinical data from medical evaluation, thorax radiography, and computed tomography.Results: From 43 patients, 25 (58%) and 18 (42%) were diagnosed with PSP and SSP, respectively. Spontaneous pneumothorax was most common in men (67.4%), and exposure to tabaco and inorganic dust were main factors associated with this. The age was higher in patients with SSP than in PSP. Interestingly, the pneumothorax occurred mainly in the right lung (69.8%) and during spring (41.9%). Hospitalization and resolution time was similar for patients with PSP and SSP, as well as the recurrence rate. The decision of surgical intervention was higher for patients that had recurred. In case of PSP, recurrence was associated with non-surgical treatment.
Conclusions:We did not find differences in the appearance and recurrence of patients with PSP and SSP in terms of physical and demographical characteristics, or exposure habits. We suggest that surgery must be indicated to avoid recurrence, especially for PSP.