Secondary bacterial infections in patients with coronavirus disease 2019-associated pneumonia

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:The vast majority of patients who hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 are given empirical antibiotic therapy. However, information on the frequency, microorganism species, and resistance rates of secondary bacterial infections in coronavirus disease 2019 patients are insufficient. We aimed to show the frequency of secondary infections and resistance conditions in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 hospitalized in the intensive care unit. METHODS: The results of tracheal aspirate culture, blood culture, and urine culture obtained from coronavirus disease 2019 patients -at least 2 days after their admission to the intensive care unit -were examined microbiologically. RESULTS: A total of 514 patients hospitalized in intensive care unit were included in our study. Tracheal aspirate, blood, or urine cultures were collected from 369 patients (71.8%). Bacterial reproduction was detected in at least one sample in 171 (33.3%) of all patients. The rate of respiratory tract infection and/or bloodstream infection was found to be 21%. Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in tracheal aspirate culture; Coagulase-negative staphylococci, K. pneumoniae, and A. baumannii in blood culture; and Escherichia coli, K. pneumoniae, and Enterococcus faecalis in urine culture were the most common microorganisms. A. baumannii was resistant to most antibiotics except colistin and P. aeruginosa strains were resistant to most antibiotics except amikacin, colistin, cefepime, and imipenem. In K. pneumoniae, the highest meropenem sensitivity (73%) was observed; there was a strong resistance to most of the remaining antibiotics. CONCLUSIONS: We think that our study can be useful in choosing empirical antibiotic therapy in the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and reducing the mortality that may occur with secondary infection.

COVID-19 Pnömonili Hastaların Solunum Yolu Örneklerinde Sekonder Bakteriyel Ajanlar ve Antibiyotik Direnç Profilleri

“…Antibiotics were selected for empirical treatment based on data from cases of bacterial pneumonia developing in pre-COVID-19 viral infections. 24 However, since COVID-19 cases are hospitalized for a long time, and the disease is often very severe, more antibiotics have been used compared to previous viral pneumonia cases, causing increased antibiotic resistance. In this study, COVID-19 patients with suspected secondary bacterial pneumonia were assessed, and all samples that the laboratory received were evaluated and included in the study.…”

Csu pili dependent biofilm formation and virulence of Acinetobacter baumannii

“…Furthermore, A. baumannii has been identi ed as one of the most prevalent causes of secondary infections in COVID-19 patients. [6][7][8][9][10] . The pathogenic potential of A. baumannii is determined by several properties, including presumed virulence factors, e.g.…”