Prognostic assessment of tumor markers in lung carcinomas

Bes-Scartezini, Fernanda; Saad, Roberto

doi:10.1590/1806-9282.20210259

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Proteins such as CEA, NSE, CYFRA21-1, ProGRP, and SCCA serve as primary lung cancer biomarkers in clinical settings. NSE and ProGRP are principally employed for SCLC’s early diagnosis, efficacy monitoring, and prognostic assessment ( 18 - 20 ), while CEA, CYFRA21-1, and SCCA are predominantly used for NSCLC ( 21 - 23 ). CYFRA21-1 and SCCA hint at a higher likelihood of LUSC, and a close correlation exists between CEA and LUAD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive proteomic profiling of lung adenocarcinoma: development and validation of an innovative prognostic model

Yu,

Zheng,

Xia

et al. 2024

Transl Cancer Res

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Background Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), a global leading cause of cancer deaths, remains inadequately addressed by current protein biomarkers. Our study focuses on developing a protein-based risk signature for improved prognosis of LUAD. Methods We employed the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)-COX algorithm on The Cancer Genome Atlas database to construct a prognostic model incorporating six proteins (CD49B, UQCRC2, SMAD1, FOXM1, CD38, and KAP1). The model’s performance was assessed using principal component, Kaplan-Meier (KM), and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, indicating strong predictive capability. The model stratifies LUAD patients into distinct risk groups, with further analysis revealing its potential as an independent prognostic factor. Additionally, we developed a predictive nomogram integrating clinicopathologic factors, aimed at assisting clinicians in survival prediction. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and examination of the tumor immune microenvironment were conducted, highlighting metabolic pathways in high-risk genes and immune-related pathways in low-risk genes, indicating varied immunotherapy sensitivity. Validation through immunohistochemistry from the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database and immunofluorescence staining of clinical samples was performed, particularly focusing on CD38 expression. Results Our six-protein model (CD49B, UQCRC2, SMAD1, FOXM1, CD38, KAP1) effectively categorized LUAD patients into high and low-risk groups, confirmed by principal component, KM, and ROC analyses. The model showed high predictive accuracy, with distinct survival differences between risk groups. Notably, CD38, traditionally seen as protective, was paradoxically associated with poor prognosis in LUAD, a finding supported by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence data. GSEA revealed that high-risk genes are enriched in metabolic pathways, while low-risk genes align with immune-related pathways, suggesting better immunotherapy response in the latter group. Conclusions This study presented a novel prognostic protein model for LUAD, highlighting the CD38 expression paradox and enhancing our understanding of protein roles in lung cancer progression. It offered new clinical tools for prognosis prediction and provided assistance for future lung cancer pathogenesis research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive proteomic profiling of lung adenocarcinoma: development and validation of an innovative prognostic model

Yu,

Zheng,

Xia

et al. 2024

Transl Cancer Res

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“…For instance, Chen et al ( 77 ) evaluated the preoperative levels of the serological markers CEA, CYFRA21-1, NSE, CA 19-9, CA 153 and CA125 in 2,654 patients with NSCLC who were candidates for resection surgery, demonstrating how high levels of CEA, CYFRA 21-1 or CA125 are associated with unfavorable survival and higher rates of recurrence. In this light, Bes-Scartezini and Saad Junior ( 78 ) determined that in 112 patients with non-squamous NSCLC, elevation of CA125 or Ca15-3 was associated with unfavorable survival ( 77 , 78 ).…”

Section: Serological Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring histopathological and serum biomarkers in lung adenocarcinoma: Clinical applications and translational opportunities (Review)

et al. 2022

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Lung cancer represents one of the most common neoplasms and the main cause of cancer-associated death worldwide. Its relationship with different risk factors such as tobacco, which is its main etiological factor, has been clearly established and despite the numerous advances achieved in the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of these patients, the life expectancy of these patients is notably limited. Furthermore, its treatment is not exempt from comorbidities and frequently it neither provides optimal control of the disease nor improve the quality of life of these patients. Despite the possibility of performing screening tests in patients at risk, their implementation in daily clinical practice is complex and most of them are diagnosed at an advanced stage of their disease where systemic radiotherapy or chemotherapy treatments slightly improve their prognosis. Lung adenocarcinoma is the most representative type of lung cancer, with specific epidemiological, molecular and clinical features. Thus, a growing number of studies are being conducted to find potential therapeutic targets based on the study of different molecular pathways, improving the outcome for these patients. In addition, a broad spectrum of serological, immunohistochemical and genetic markers are being evaluated for use in the screening and follow-up of these patients in daily clinical practice, but unlike for other tumors, they are currently not implemented in the early diagnosis of the disease. Therefore, the aim of the present review was to summarize the main advances that have occurred in the development of serological and histological markers and their therapeutic implications in patients diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma, explaining the limitations that have been observed and analyzing the future perspectives in the clinical management of this disease. Contents 1. Introduction 2. Molecular and histological markers in lung cancer 3. Serological markers 4. Circulating tumor cells 5. MicroRNAs 6. Conclusions

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“…The development of noninvasive biomarkers has become a hotspot. However, frequently used serum tumor biomarkers like carcinoembryonic antigens (CEAs) and carbohydrate antigens 19‐9 (CA19‐9) present limited sensitivity and specificity in the NSCLC diagnosis (CEA AUC = 0.631; Increased the least frequently of CA19‐9 is only 30.9%) and yield controversial prognostic values (Bes‐Scartezini & Saad Junior, 2022; Xie et al, 2018). Similarly, CA125 (cancer antigen 125) is a glycoprotein present in the epithelium lining body cavities and is a tumor‐associated antigen which exists in the tissues and serum of epithelial ovarian cancer and several digestive tract carcinomas (Bratei et al, 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum IL‐24 combined with CA125 as screening and prognostic biomarkers for NSCLC

Zhang,

Qu,

Deng

et al. 2024

Cell Biology International

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Noninvasive and effective methods for early screening of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) still need to be developed. At present, a reasonable conclusion is that a combination of tumor markers is a superior predictor of screening. Cytokines, as important regulators of cancer development, have great potential for the screening and prognosis of NSCLC. This study screened novel biomarkers related to the early screening and prognosis of NSCLC. In the present study, the biological significance and immunoregulation of interleukin‐24 (IL‐24) were analyzed based on The Cancer Genome Atlas data. Next, 150 serum samples from initially treated patients with NSCLC and 70 controls were collected, and we obtained pathological sections from 60 patients with NSCLC. The ELISA and immunohistochemistry results showed the differential expression of IL‐24 and carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125). The results show that IL‐24 is an important tumor suppressor in NSCLC that helps to improve the poor prognosis of these patients. A significantly negative correlation between IL‐24 and CA125 levels was also found. Notably, serum IL‐24 levels were significantly negatively correlated with the TNM stage of patients with NSCLC, consistent with an important role for tumor suppressors in NSCLC. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that a combination of IL‐24 and CA125 was an effective panel for discriminating patients with NSCLC from HD, and individuals with other lung diseases. Serum IL‐24 and CA125 levels were identified as independent prognostic markers for NSCLC. The IL‐24 and CA125 panel exhibited good performance in the screening of NSCLC.

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Prognostic assessment of tumor markers in lung carcinomas

Cited by 4 publications

References 22 publications

Comprehensive proteomic profiling of lung adenocarcinoma: development and validation of an innovative prognostic model

Comprehensive proteomic profiling of lung adenocarcinoma: development and validation of an innovative prognostic model

Exploring histopathological and serum biomarkers in lung adenocarcinoma: Clinical applications and translational opportunities (Review)

Serum IL‐24 combined with CA125 as screening and prognostic biomarkers for NSCLC

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