Antimicrobial Resistance in Salmonella Serovars Isolated From an Egg-Producing Region in Brazil

Abstract

Fowl paratyphoid infections are caused by different Salmonella serovars that can affect a wide range of hosts. Due to its complex epidemiology, Salmonella serovar identification is crucial for the development and implementation of monitoring and control programs in poultry farms. Moreover, the characterization of the antimicrobial resistance profiles of Salmonella strains isolated from livestock is relevant to public health because they are a common causative agent of foodborne diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate the presence of Salmonella spp. and to identify the antimicrobial resistance profiles of strains isolated in the midwestern region of São Paulo state, which accounts for the highest production of table eggs in Brazil. For this purpose, 2008 fecal samples were collected on 151 commercial layer farms and submitted to microbiological analyses. Twenty-two serovars were isolated from 80 (52.9%) farms, among which S. Mbandaka and S. Braenderup were the most prevalent. All isolates expressed resistance to at least one of the 23 antimicrobials tested, and the highest resistance rates were determined against streptomycin (93.5%) and sulfonamide (84.6%). Moreover, multidrug resistance was observed in 41% of the isolates and the maximum drug resistance profile was against ten different antimicrobials. Therefore, the identification of Salmonella serovars in poultry production provides epidemiological knowledge to develop prevention and control measures in order to ensure poultry health and to prevent human infection by multiresistant strains.

Genomic Features and Phylogenetic Analysis of Antimicrobial-Resistant Salmonella Mbandaka ST413 Strains

“…Six strains of S . Mbandaka were selected from a collection of 29 isolates using the antimicrobial resistance phenotypic profile observed in a previous study by our group as selection criteria, spanning the period between 2016 and 2017 [ 13 ]. In this study, a pool of caecal content samples was collected in 151 commercial layer farms located in the Midwest region of the São Paulo State, Brazil.…”

“…In this study, a pool of caecal content samples was collected in 151 commercial layer farms located in the Midwest region of the São Paulo State, Brazil. In total, 2008 samples of 300 g each were collected in sterile flasks and refrigerated (4–8 °C) until analyses of isolation and identification as described previously [ 13 ]. The selected six strains were isolated between 2016 (1092/18, 1095/18, 1096/18, and 1097/18) and 2017 (1124/18 and 1158/18) from the caecal content from live laying hens and a laying quail (the isolate 1092/18) from commercial egg-laying farms.…”

“…Moreover, point mutation in ParC [T57S], which confers resistance to quinolones, was identified in all the strains (Table 2). *: Previous study of the phenotypic resistance profile of S. Mbandaka isolates carried out by Benevides et al, 2020 [13]; Str: streptomycin; Sul: sulfonamide; Sxt: trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole; Tet: tetracycline; Oxi: oxytetracycline; Cip: ciprofloxacin; Amo: amoxicillin; Amp: ampicillin; Amc: amoxicillin/clavulanic acid.…”