The Effect of Cichorium Intybus L. Ethanol Extraction on the Pathological and Biomedical Indexes of the Liver and Kidney of Broilers Reared Under Heat Stress

Abstract

The use of compounds with antioxidant properties as a source of phelanoeid compounds is highly recommendable in the poultry industry. Therefore, the effect of Cichorium intybus L. herb on pathobiochemical indexes of chicken under heat stress was studied. After exposure to heat stress (from day 21 to day 42 of growth), hydroalcoholic extraction was provided to 270 broiler chicks randomly divided into six groups and placed in two distinct poultry houses (heat stress and normal conditions). The three groups were recipient group of Cichorium intybus L.(1); recipient group of vitamin C (2) and control group (3). The birds in one of the houses were exposed to heat stress conditions (35 °C for 8 hours) for a time period between 22 to 42 days and the birds in the other house were reared under normal conditions (20-22°C) for the same time period. Blood samples collected from the birds showed that Cichorium intybus L. herb caused significant decrease in uric acid, Triglyceride, Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total body clearance factors (CL-factors) and right ventricular failure index (RVF) and significant increase in K + under heat stress condition (p<0.05). Vitamin C caused significant decrease in uric acid, ALT, CL-factors and RVF index and significant increase in K+ and Na+ under heat stress condition (p<0.05). A significant decrease in cholesterol and triglyceride in recipient group of Cichorium intybus L was observed compared to the recipient group of vitamin C under heat stress condition (p<0.05). In a pathologic examination normal observations were in recipient group of Cichorium intybus L and recipient group of vitamin C compared to the control group. According to this study, use of Cichorium intybus L extract and vitamin C in chicken under heat stress induced improvement in liver, kidney activity and fat metabolism.

Effect of Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) Root Extract on Some Blood Parameters of Broiler Chicks Under Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Toxicity

“…Similar to our survey, Jamshidzadeh et al [12], Khodadadi et al [13] and Li et al [14] reported antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of C. intybus in toxicity, particularly CCl4induced toxicities. Since the CCl4 toxicity is as a result of free radicals formation and OS occurrence, accordingly C. intybus protective effects is possibly occurred by an inhibition of the P450 cytochrome activity.…”

“…Furthermore, treatment of chicks with Mentha piperita (2 mL) CCl4 (1 mL) caused significant decrease in the liver enzymes than CCl4 groups (P<0.05) [20]. Decrease the promotion of liver failure's specific markers, antioxidant enzymes expansion and reduction of uric acid production may be the possible mechanism of protective actions of C. intybus toward CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in broilers [21].…”

Effects of dietary supplemental lysophospholipids and vitamin C on performance, antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation, thyroid hormones and serum metabolites of broiler chickens reared under thermoneutral and high ambient temperature

“…(), uric acid is a good indicator of stress. Decreased concentration of serum uric acid has also been shown in poultry fed with the VC‐supplemented diets (Cinar et al., ; Khodadadi, Mousavinasab, Khamesipour, & Katsande, ; Saxena, Anand, Saxena, & Bajaj, ). Based on the in vitro and in vivo studies, it has been demonstrated that VC inhibits uric acid synthesis (Feigelson, ).…”

Study The protective Effects of Cichorium intybus L. Root Extract Against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Broiler Chickens

“…In a similar survey, Jamshidzadeh et al (2006) [18] stated that the C. intybus leave extract with concentrations of 60 to 600 μg/ml protected the rat hepatocyte's cells toward CCl4-induced cytotoxicity. In a similar survey, Khodadadi et al (2016) [19] conveyed that C. intybus has hepatoprotective activities besides improvement in kidney activity and fat metabolism toward heat stress-induced hepatotoxicity in broilers. Additionally, Li et al (2014) [8] described that the C. intybus extract at oral doses of 6, 18, and 54 g/kg/daily presented a significant hepatoprotective effects with significant reduction in the levels of aspartate aminotransferase, hexadecenoic acid, laminin and hydroxyproline enzymes of the on rat model.…”

“…Thus, reducing the promotion of specific markers of liver failure may be the probable mechanism of protective action of C. intybus root extract toward CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in broilers. Additionally, development of antioxidant enzymes and decrease in production of uric acid are considered as probable mechanisms of action of C. intybus root extract in inhibition of oxidative stress induced by CCl4 [19].…”