Oral granuloma gravidarum: a retrospective study of 41 cases in Southern Brazil

Abstract

Granuloma gravidarum (GG) is an inflammatory lesion, which develops in the oral mucosa of pregnant women in response to chronic low-grade irritants, under the influence of hormonal factors.Objective:To characterize GG clinically by means of a retrospective study of the cases of the Oral Medicine Division, São Lucas Hospital, Brazil.Material and Methods:Cases of GG diagnosed between 1980 and 2012 were analyzed. Data were obtained referring to the age of the patients, lesion location, clinical features, as well as the presence of local irritants. The gestation period in which the lesion developed was also investigated. Results:Forty-one cases of GG were found. The lesions developed predominantly in the third trimester of pregnancy (51.22%) and the mean age of the patients was 28 years. Most GG was found in the gingiva (73.17%), was reddish color and had a mean diameter of 1.5 cm. Local irritants were involved in 75.6% of the cases.Conclusions:The hormonal conditions of pregnancy can have an impact on the oral cavity, predisposing the patient to inflammatory lesions such as GG.

Initial periodontal therapy for the treatment of gingival pregnancy tumor

“…In this study, the mean age of the enrolled patients was 27.1 years, similar to that of the study by Cardoso et al (2013). A majority of the oral tumors occurred in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, in accordance with the findings of another previous study (Terezhalmy et al, 2001).…”

Systemic alterations and their oral manifestations in pregnant women

“…Notwithstanding the fact that the causes of pyogenic granuloma development have not yet been clarified, most of the injuries are associated with the presence of local irritants . However, some authors have reported that the pathogenesis of the lesion is linked to female sexual hormones, which stimulate an increase of the local production of angiogenic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor .…”

“…17,26 Notwithstanding the fact that the causes of pyogenic granuloma development have not yet been clarified, most of the injuries are associated with the presence of local irritants. 27,28 However, some authors have reported that the pathogenesis of the lesion is linked to female sexual hormones, which stimulate an increase of the local production of angiogenic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor. 29,30 This was confirmed by the study of Cardoso et al, 27 who observed an association between pyogenic granuloma and pregnant women aged older than 25 years in the first trimester (50%, P = 0.05) and between granuloma and pregnant women aged 26-35 years in the third trimester (78.9%, P = 0.001).…”

“…27,28 However, some authors have reported that the pathogenesis of the lesion is linked to female sexual hormones, which stimulate an increase of the local production of angiogenic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor. 29,30 This was confirmed by the study of Cardoso et al, 27 who observed an association between pyogenic granuloma and pregnant women aged older than 25 years in the first trimester (50%, P = 0.05) and between granuloma and pregnant women aged 26-35 years in the third trimester (78.9%, P = 0.001). According to Armitage, 6 clinical symptoms associated with pyogenic granuloma during pregnancy are relatively small, and usually include bleeding gums, sensitivity, and aesthetic problems.…”

Pregnancy tumour of the external auditory canal: treatment in clinic

“…Again, granuloma is a misnomer as histopathology of these lesions does not show granulation. They most often occur in the third trimester, most commonly in the oral and nasal cavities, and sometimes on the fingers 7. It is rare to find such lesions in other anatomical locations.…”