The association between food addiction, disordered eating behaviors and food intake

Abstract

Objective This study was conducted with 370 undergraduate students to investigate the relationship between food intake, food addiction and disordered eating behavior. Methods The Yale Food Addiction Scale, Eating Attitude Test-26 and Food Frequency Questionnaire were used to assess food addiction, disordered eating behavior and food intake. Results A positive weak correlation was found between the Yale Food Addiction Scale and daily energy, carbohydrate and fat intake (r=0.228, p<0.001; r=0.222, p<0.001; r=0.225, p<0.001 respectively) whereas a negative weak correlation was found between Eating Attitude Test-26 and daily energy and carbohydrate intake (r=-0.105, p=0.044; r=-0.116, p=0.025 respectively). Conclusion Food intake is associated with food addiction and disordered eating behaviour. Further research should be conducted with a larger population also examining body composition, exercises and financial situation of the individuals because all of these factors have an influence on the nutritional status and eating behavior as well.

Psychometric properties and convergent and divergent validity of the Portuguese Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (P-YFAS 2.0)

“…YFAS 2.0 scores were also associated with other disordered eating behaviors, as well as with several comorbid mental disorders such as depression, anxiety disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder, and attention de cit hyperactivity disorder (Meule & Gearthardt, 2019). Although the rates of FA may be lower in community samples compared to clinical samples, this form of eating emerges in the general population, including college students (Sengor & Gezer, 2020;Wu, Zimmer, Munn-Chernoff, & Baker, 2020). Furthermore, a recent study suggested that YFAS 2.0 is a good instrument to assess FA in both clinical and general populations (Manzoni et al, 2020).…”

The Relationship between Addictive Eating and Dietary Intake: A Systematic Review

“…Following assessment against the inclusion criteria, 15 articles were included in this review ( Figure 1 ). The majority of included studies used a cross-sectional design ( n = 12 studies [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ]); with the remaining being a RCT ( n = 1 [ 40 ]) and two prospective cohort studies ( n = 1 study, with 3, 6 and 12-month follow-up of dietary and FA outcomes [ 41 ]; and n = 1 study, with a cross-sectional analysis of data collected [ 42 ]) In descending order, studies were carried out in Turkey ( n = 4), Australia ( n = 3), Canada ( n = 2), USA ( n = 2), Brazil ( n = 1), Greece ( n = 1), Iran ( n = 1), and Israel ( n = 1), Table 2 .…”

“…A total of 128,441 participants ( n = 1395 male and 127,046 female) were included across the studies, and study sample sizes ranged from 18 to 123,688 (median, 181). Eleven of the 15 studies included both male and female participants [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ], and four studies included female participants exclusively [ 34 , 40 , 41 , 42 ]. Twelve of the included studies were carried out exclusively in adults ranging in age from 18 to 91 years (mean, 36.2 ± 7.3; n = 11 studies reported mean age), and three studies exclusively in children/adolescents ranging in age from 9 to 18 years (mean, 13.0 ± 2.3) [ 30 , 32 , 38 ].…”

“…Twelve of the included studies were carried out exclusively in adults ranging in age from 18 to 91 years (mean, 36.2 ± 7.3; n = 11 studies reported mean age), and three studies exclusively in children/adolescents ranging in age from 9 to 18 years (mean, 13.0 ± 2.3) [ 30 , 32 , 38 ]. Six studies included participants recruited from the general community [ 28 , 29 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 40 ]; three studies recruited participants from schools/universities [ 30 , 31 , 39 ], with one sample of university students including undergraduate students from the Nutrition department only [ 31 ]. Three studies included participants seeking weight loss ( n = 2 studies in children/adolescents [ 32 , 38 ], and n = 1 study in adults [ 34 ]); one included adults undergoing bariatric surgery [ 41 ]; and one included adults with schizophrenia [ 33 ].…”

“…Three studies included participants seeking weight loss ( n = 2 studies in children/adolescents [ 32 , 38 ], and n = 1 study in adults [ 34 ]); one included adults undergoing bariatric surgery [ 41 ]; and one included adults with schizophrenia [ 33 ]. For all studies, with the exception of one [ 39 ], participants’ weight status was reported, with six studies including participants classified as within the overweight or obese body mass index (BMI) category exclusively [ 30 , 32 , 34 , 35 , 38 , 41 ]. Across the included studies, mean BMI was 30.6 kg/m 2 (i.e., within the obese BMI category; range 17.0 to 78.3) and mean BMI z-score for adolescent studies was 2.3 ( n = 2 studies).…”