Immunoexpression of cleaved caspase-3 shows lower apoptotic area indices in lip carcinomas than in intraoral cancer

Abstract

Objective This study aimed to evaluate apoptosis by assessing cleaved caspase-3 immunoexpression in hyperplastic, potentially malignant disorder (PMD), and malignant tumors in intraoral and lower lip sites.Material and Methods A retrospective study using paraffin blocks with tissues from patients with inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia (IFH), actinic cheilitis, oral leukoplakia, lower lip and intraoral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was performed. The tissues were evaluated by immunohistochemical analysis with anti-cleaved caspase-3 antibody. Apoptotic area index was then correlated with lesion type.Results From 120 lesions assessed, 55 (46%) were cleaved caspase-3-positive. The SCC samples (n=40) had the highest apoptotic area indices (n=35; 87.5%). Significant differences were detected between SCCs and PMDs (p=0.0003), as well as SCCs and IFHs (p=0.001), regarding caspase-3 immunopositivity. Carcinomas of the lower lip had lower apoptotic area indices than intraoral cancer (p=0.0015).Conclusions Cleaved caspase-3 immunoexpression showed differences in oral SCCs and PMDs and demonstrated a distinct role of apoptosis in carcinogenesis of intraoral and lower lip cancer. In future, the expression of cleaved caspase-3 with other target molecules in oral cancer may be helpful in delineating the prognosis and treatment of these tumors.

FOXD1-mTOR Signaling Pathway on Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Its Inhibition by Rosemary Extract (Invitro-Study)

“…Moreover, Fu et al, (2016) confirmed our results and added that the high expression of caspase-3 was associated especially with advanced stage in OSCC and was dependent on the site of cancer. Also, Hague et al, (2004) and Leite et al, (2016) result revealed that OSCC had a higher apoptotic area index compared to other types of lesions. Hence, apoptosis plays a dual role in cancer development and malignancy.…”

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“…Cleaved caspase 3 functions as a kind of control tower of apoptosis: it cleaves poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), cytokeratin 18, vimentin, actin and other intracytoplasmic proteins. Cleaved caspase 3 has been applied to detecting apoptotic neoplastic cells in paraffin sections [ 24 - 26 ].…”

The antitumour effect of galangin and luteolin with doxorubicin on chemically induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats

“…The slides were evaluated under a light microscope, and labelling index was calculated as the ratio of caspase-3-positive cells to the total number of cells. The number of labelled cells in immunostained sections was counted relative to 2000 cells [ 24 , 25 ].…”