Micro-computed tomographic assessment of the variability and morphological features of root canal system and their ramifications

Mazzi‐Chaves, Jardel Francisco; Silva‐Sousa, Yara Teresinha Corrêa; Leoni, Graziela Bianchi; Silva‐Sousa, Alice Corrêa; Estrela, Lucas; Estrela, Carlos; Jacobs, Reinhilde; Sousa‐Neto, Manoel Damião

doi:10.1590/1678-7757-2019-0393

Cited by 32 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…The aim of this study was to examine the root canal system morphology of mandibular canines (MaCa) with a solid sample size (n = 101), thus, allowing a reliable statistical evaluation. Different research methods, such as decalcifying and ink dye 7 , radiographic imaging 5 , cross-sectional 24 , CBCT imaging 8 , 9 , 25 – 28 and micro-CT imaging 13 , 14 , have been used to examine root canal morphologies. The cross-sectional and decalcification methods demand, at least to a certain extent, a sample destruction; furthermore, with the cross-sectional method, due to the slice thickness, an accurate reconstruction of the internal morphology becomes burdensome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internal morphology of 101 mandibular canines of a Swiss-German population by means of micro-CT: An ex vivo study

Wolf

Anderegg

Haberthür

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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The aim of this study was to investigate the root canal system morphology by means of a root canal configuration (RCC) classification described with a four-digit system, the physiological foramen geometry and accessory canal frequency and morphology, of 101 mandibular canines (MaCa) of a Swiss-German population by means of micro-computed tomography. Micro-CT examination of the MaCa was performed and the obtained images analyzed with a 3D imaging software. In single-rooted MaCas, the most frequently observed RCCs were 1-1-1/1 (74.5%) and 1-1-1/2 (14.3%). Seven other RCCs were less frequently observed with a frequency from 4.1 to 1.0%. One physiological foramen was observed in 80.6% of the MaCas, two in 16.3%, three in 1.0% and four in 2.0%. Accessory and connecting canals were apparent only in the middle and apical root thirds. Two-rooted MaCas occurred less frequently (n = 3). When one physiological foramen was present, the mean size of the narrow and wide diameters were 0.28 mm (± 0.07) and 0.40 mm (± 0.11), while the distance between physiological and anatomical foramen was 0.45 mm (± 0.17). MaCas are predominantly single-rooted teeth with a 1-1-1/1 or 1-1-1/2 RCC. Most MaCas had one physiological foramen with an oval shape.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internal morphology of 101 mandibular canines of a Swiss-German population by means of micro-CT: An ex vivo study

Wolf

Anderegg

Haberthür

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…Different methodologies have been used to study the internal and external anatomy of the teeth, such as conventional and digital radiography, clearing techniques, cross-sectioning, scanning electron microscopy, and stereomicroscope 4 , 16 – 18 . Nowadays, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is considered the gold standard for anatomical studies due to it being a non-invasive and reproducible technique that allows a qualitative and quantitative 3D-characterization of the teeth morphology 19 , 20 . Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the root anatomy and canal system morphology of mandibular first premolars obtained from a Chilean population using micro-CT. Internal morphology was analyzed using Vertucci’s and Ahmed’s criteria, and external morphology was analyzed using the ASUDAS scoring.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-tomographic characterization of the root and canal system morphology of mandibular first premolars in a Chilean population

Sierra-Cristancho

González-Osuna

Poblete

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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This study aimed to analyze the root anatomy and root canal system morphology of mandibular first premolars in a Chilean population. 186 teeth were scanned using micro-computed tomography and reconstructed three-dimensionally. The root canal system morphology was classified using both Vertucci’s and Ahmed’s criteria. The radicular grooves were categorized using the ASUDAS system, and the presence of Tomes’ anomalous root was associated with Ahmed’s score. A single root canal was identified in 65.05% of teeth, being configuration type I according to Vertucci’s criteria and code 1MP1 according to Ahmed’s criteria. Radicular grooves were observed in 39.25% of teeth. The ASUDAS scores for radicular grooves were 60.75%, 13.98%, 12.36%, 10.22%, 2.15%, and 0.54%, from grade 0 to grade 5, respectively. The presence of Tomes’ anomalous root was identified only in teeth with multiple root canals, and it was more frequently associated with code 1MP1–2 of Ahmed’s criteria. The root canal system morphology of mandibular first premolars showed a wide range of anatomical variations in the Chilean population. Teeth with multiple root canals had a higher incidence of radicular grooves, which were closely related to more complex internal anatomy. Only teeth with multiple root canals presented Tomes’ anomalous root.

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“…Various research methods have been used to examine root canal morphologies, such as decalcifying and ink dye [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 42 ], radiographic [ 15 ], cross-sectional [ 12 ], CBCT imaging [ 6 , 13 , 14 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ], and micro-CT imaging [ 34 , 37 ]. While the sectioning method requires the destruction of the specimens and, due to the thickness of the slices, an exact reconstruction of the canal anatomy is not possible, radiographic examination is a largely subjective method that is difficult to interpret.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although CBCT images do not provide images that are as high-resolution as those of micro-CT, it appears to be a good method to examine root canal configurations [ 3 , 43 ]. Few studies have investigated the MaCa root canal morphology by means of micro-CT [ 33 , 34 , 37 , 38 ]. However, those investigating morphological parameters different from the ones in the systematic review investigated other topics than root canal configuration; thus, they did not meet the inclusion criteria and could not be considered in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) are the two most recently introduced investigation methods, and CBCT has been predominantly used for in vivo investigation of the morphology of the root canal system of mandibular canines (MaCa) [ 6 , 13 , 14 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ]. Although micro-CT has already been used to examine various teeth as well as to describe the internal morphology of mandibular canines, it has not yet been used to identify the root canal configuration [ 3 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Root Canal Morphology and Configuration of the Mandibular Canine: A Systematic Review

Wolf

Anderegg

Yılmaz

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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The aim of this study was to systematically review the root canal morphology and configuration (RCC) of mandibular canines (MaCa). The review was registered in the PROSPERO database (ID-272297) and it was carried out following the PRISMA guidelines. Three electronic databases (MEDLINE via PubMed, Embase, Scopus) were searched. Randomized controlled trials, cross-sectional, cohort, comparative, evaluation and validation studies have been included. The anatomical quality assessment (AQUA) tool was used for a quality assessment of the anatomical studies. Of 910 studies retrieved from the systematic search, 28 studies investigating RCCs were included. Most MaCa were single-rooted (87.9–100%), while two-rooted MaCa were present up to 12.1%. The 1-1-1/1 (35.8–96.4%) was the most commonly reported RCC, followed by 2-2-1/1 (0.2–22.0%) and 1-2-1/1 (0.9–20.0%). A high frequency of 1-1-1/1 RCC in MaCa has been described. Most systematic review reports confirm that two-rooted MaCa are found considerably less frequently than single-rooted ones.

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Micro-computed tomographic assessment of the variability and morphological features of root canal system and their ramifications

Cited by 32 publications

References 38 publications

Internal morphology of 101 mandibular canines of a Swiss-German population by means of micro-CT: An ex vivo study

Internal morphology of 101 mandibular canines of a Swiss-German population by means of micro-CT: An ex vivo study

Micro-tomographic characterization of the root and canal system morphology of mandibular first premolars in a Chilean population

Root Canal Morphology and Configuration of the Mandibular Canine: A Systematic Review

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