Detection of swainsonine and calystegines in Convolvulaceae species from the semiarid region of Pernambuco

Abstract

Animais de Produção/Livestock Diseases RESUMO.-[Detecção de swainsonina e calisteginas em espécies de Convolvulaceae da região semiárida de Pernambuco.] Numerosas espécies de plantas em todo o mundo, incluindo algumas espécies de Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) e Sida (Malvaceae) no Brasil, causam doença de armazenamento lisossomal em herbívoros e são conhecidas por conterem swainsonina e calisteginas como princípios tóxicos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a concentração de swainsonina e calisteginas em espécies de Convolvulaceae da região semiárida de Pernambuco. Sete municípios na região do Sertão do Moxotó foram visitados, onde foram coletadas amostras das folhas de nove espécies de Convolvulaceae para avaliação da presença de swainsonina e calisteginas utilizando-se cromatografia líquida com espectrometria de massa. A presença e concentração destes alcaloides nas folhas de plantas da mesma espécie e dentre as espécies foram muito variáveis. Seis novas espécies de Ipomoea e uma espécie de Jacquemontia contendo swainsonina e/ou calisteginas são relatadas neste ABSTRACT. -Mendonça F.Numerous plant species worldwide including some Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) and Sida (Malvaceae) species in Brazil cause lysosomal storage disease in herbivores and are known to contain swainsonine and calystegines as the main toxic compounds. The aim of this work was to determine swainsonine and calystegines concentrations in species of Convolvulaceae from the semiarid region of Pernambuco. Seven municipalities in the Moxotó region were visited and nine species were collected and screened for the presence of swainsonine and calystegines using an HPLC-APCI-MS method. The presence and concentration of these alkaloids within the same and in different species were very variable. Seven species are newly reported here containing swainsonine and/or calystegines. Ipomoea subincana contained just swainsonine. Ipomoea megapotamica, I. rosea and Jacquemontia corymbulosa contained swainsonine and calystegines. Ipomoea sericosepala, I. brasiliana, I. nil, I. bahiensis and I. incarnata contained just calystegines. The discovery of six Ipomoea species and one Jacquemontia species containing toxic polyhydroxy alkaloids reinforces the importance of this group of poisonous plants to ruminants and horses in the semiarid region of Pernambuco. Epidemiological surveys should be conducted to investigate the occurrence of lysosomal storage disease associated to these new species.

Phylogenetic Patterns of Swainsonine Presence in Morning Glories

“…In total, 24 of the 32 species were not previously known to be S+, and S+ species were distributed across multiple continents ( Table 1 ). Ipomoea sericosepala was previously reported to be S+ ( Mendonça et al, 2018 ) but we did not detect swainsonine in our samples of the species. Given that there are more than 800 morning glory species, the total number of S+ species will certainly become larger with further sampling.…”

Poisonous plants for ruminants in the dairy region of Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil

“…This same situation was reported previously affecting cattle in the semiarid region of Paraíba (Assis et al 2009, Albuquerque et al 2014. Poisonings by I. asarifolia are frequently reported in North and Northeastern Brazil (Barbosa et al 2005, Oliveira et al 2009, Carvalho et al 2014, Mendonça et al 2018) and until to date, the poisoning by S. paniculatum was just reported in cattle the dairy region of Pernambuco (Guaraná et al 2011).…”

“…Recent data about raised ruminants in this dairy region pointed to a total of 838.487 bovines, 313.072 sheep and 135.385 goats (IBGE 2017). In this region, poisoning by plants in livestock remains a relevant cause of economic losses and several manuscripts reporting outbreaks of poisonings in ruminants have been published (Guaraná et al 2011, Souza et al 2012, Lima et al 2013, Olinda et al 2015, Andrade Neto et al 2016, Brito et al 2016, Almeida et al 2017, Correia et al 2017, Mendonça et al 2018, Silva Filho et al 2020.…”

Plants causing poisoning outbreaks of livestock in South America: A review

“…4 A); Ipomoea sericosepala; Ipomoea riedelli ; Ipomoea sericophylla ( Fig. 4 B); and Ipomoea brasiliana ( Mendonça et al, 2018 ; Oliveira et al, 2021 ). All poisonings by the different species occur in goats in the Northeast region of Brazil, while intoxication by I. carnea subsp.…”