Acute phase proteins in bitches subjected to conventional and minimally invasive ovariohysterectomy

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate and to compare the possible inflammatory changes by screening acute phase proteins concentrations in healthy bitches subjected to ovariohysterectomy. Minimally invasive and conventional (laparotomy) ovariohysterectomies were performed in 17 client-owned adult female mixed breed dogs. Nine animals were subjected to minimally invasive and eight animals to conventional ovariohysterectomy. Blood samples were taken before surgery, 24, 48 hours, and seven days postoperatively. Serum C-reactive concentration was determined by a commercial ELISA kit and serum haptoglobin concentration was measured via hemoglobin binding assay, both previously validated for use in dogs. As the data did not meet the normal distribution criteria, the nonparametric Kruskall-Wallis was performed to compare quantitative variables between groups. One-way ANOVA and the Friedman test were used for multiple comparisons between time points, with a P<0.05 considered significant. C-reactive protein concentration was significantly different (P<0.0001) at 24 hours postoperatively between groups. There was no significant difference in haptoglobin concentration between groups. C-reactive protein and haptoglobin concentrations were significantly different at 24 and 48 hours postoperatively for minimally invasive and conventional ovariohisterectomies. These findings provided an overview of the short-term inflammatory effects produced by minimally invasive and conventional ovariohysterectomies.

Changes in Acute Phase Proteins in Bitches after Laparoscopic, Midline, and Flank Ovariectomy Using the Same Method for Hemostasis

“…In human medicine, a smaller elevation in CRP was detected after laparoscopic hysterectomy compared with the open abdominal procedure [74]. In veterinary medicine, several different laparoscopic procedures have showed lower concentrations of CRP compared with open surgical techniques [13,15,60], which is in agreement with the present results.…”

“…[5] In accordance with this, peak level for Hp in the present study was reached 72 h (3 days) post-intervention. At this time point, Hp levels in group L were higher than in groups M and F. Hp strongly blinds free hemoglobin resulting in the complex HP-hemoglobin [15,75,76]. Thus, free Hp in serum may decrease on situations of hemorrhage or hemolysis, making that determination by hemoglobin binding assays may be unreliable [3,5,[77][78][79].…”

“…Haptoglobin (Hp) is a moderate positive APP involved in host defense responses to infection and inflammation [5]. Increases in Hp concentration have been described after surgical trauma in dogs, as well as other species, such as cats [15][16][17]. Changes in Hp can be detected at 24 h after a surgical procedure, showing the peak concentration 3-4 days after surgery [5].…”

“…Changes in the APP have also been studied in dogs undergoing minimally invasive surgery of different types, showing major increases in the APP than in the open techniques [42]. Some studies compare conventional midline laparotomy with mini-laparotomy techniques or laparoscopic-assisted techniques [15,64], but purely laparoscopic technique is less represented [10,16,65]. Different techniques for hemostasis of the ovarian pedicle (sutures, ties, sealing devices) are used among these studies, which may cause variations in the post-surgical inflammation [37,39,43,44,66].…”

Validação do método imunoturbidimétrico para determinação do proteinograma sérico em cães e gatos

“…Os valores encontrados de PCR e Ferritina (Tabelas 1 e 2), se apresentaram inferiores quando comparados a literatura de referência para cães e gatos (KANEKO et al, 2008;CORNELL, 2016), não existe na literatura nacional, outros valores de normalidade para ambas as espécies. valores encontrados de AGP no presente estudo, foi de 3,46 mg/dL (Tabela 1) em cães e 3,75 mg/dL em gatos (Tabela 2), os quais correspondem a valores de normalidade frente a diversos estudos que avaliaram suas concentrações em cães e gatos com algum tipo de patologia (KOGIKA et al, 2003;GIORDANO et al, 2004;PIRES et al, 2011;MUNHOZ, 2012;ANZILEIRO et al, 2013;ROSA, 2018;SCHMIDT et al, 2018;DINALLO, 2019). Os valores de normalidade nos estudos acima citados, foram baseados em seus grupo controles, utilizando metodologias distintas ao do presente estudo e com um número de animais restrito.…”