Taxonomy of the Brazilian firefly Cladodes illigeri (Coleoptera, Lampyridae): morphology and new records

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Cladodes illigeri (Kirby, 1818) is redescribed, and can be distinguished by the following features: color pattern overall black, paired spots and elytral margins pale yellow; pygidium bisinuate, posterior angles rounded, as long as median margin; and aedeagus with phallus 1/3 shorter than the parameres, which are sinuated apically. Cladodes lamellicornis (Motschulsky, 1854) is proposed as a junior synomym of C. illigeri. New records from the Atlantic Rainforest and illustrations for structural features are provided.KEYWORDS. Amydetinae, Vestina, Neotropical, synonymy. RESUMO. Taxonomia de Cladodes illigeri (Coleoptera, Lampyridae): morfologia e novos registros.Cladodes illigeri (Kirby, 1818) é redescrito, o qual pode ser diagnosticado pelos seguintes caracteres: padrão do colorido negro, com par de faixas amarelo-pálidas nas margens elitrais; pigídio bisinuoso, ângulos posteriores arredondados, tão longo quanto a margem mediana; e edeago com falo 1/3 mais curto que os parâmeros, os quais são sinuosos apicalmente. Cladodes lamellicornis (Motschulsky, 1854) é sinonimizado com C. illigeri. Novos registros da Mata Atlântica e ilustrações das características estruturais são fornecidos.

Comparative morphology and key to Amydetinae genera, with description of three new firefly species (Coleoptera, Lampyridae)

“… Memoan Silveira & Mermudes, 2013; Silveira and Mermudes 2014a: 204; Silveira and Mermudes 2014b : 325; Silveira et al 2015 : 359; Silveira et al 2016a : 11; Silveira et al 2016b : 56; Souto et al 2019 : 2; Campello-Gonçalves et al 2019 : 59; Martin et al 2019 : 3; Nunes et al 2019 : 562; Nunes et al 2020 : 4, 7, 8. …”

Optimization formulation of chamomile-based functional beverage as hypnotic agent using response surface method

“…% error is a comparison of the suggested predictive value compared to the real test value. If the value of % error is less than 5% it can be ignored and the optimal formula suggested can be considered as the best formula (Silveira et al, 2015). Furthermore, the optimal formula was added 5% of stevia, then levels of apigenin and EGCG was analyzed using the LC-MS/MS method.…”

“…Verification of the suggested formula by RSM produces % error of less than 5% of the test value. So that the value of the % error can be ignored and the optimal formula suggested can be considered as the best formula (Silveira et al, 2015). Furthermore, this optimal formula is added 5% stevia sugar to cover the bitter taste of the beverage.…”