Budbreak induction in kiwifruit vines cultivated in an organic system by the biological method of single node cutting

Abstract

Kiwifruit vines are an alternative approach to diversify Brazilian fruit farming because of the low supply and increase in the demand for their fruits. Hydrogenated cyanamide, which is the most common rest-breaking agent, is highly toxic and its use is not allowed in organic production systems. This study aimed at evaluating the efficiency of alternative rest-breaking agents in kiwifruit vines by using the biological method of single node cutting. Twigs of the cultivar Bruno were collected in an organic orchard in Pelotas, a city located in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. Seven-centimeter-long cuts with a single shoot at the ends were segmented. Cuttings were placed on plastic trays with phenolic foam and soaked in water, at 85% relative humidity on average, and kept in bio-oxygen demand (BOD) incubators at 25± 1 °C and a 16-h photoperiod. Budbreak was evaluated in 2-day and 3-day intervals. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with ten treatments and three replications of ten sampling units each. The following variables were analyzed: average budbreak time (ABT), final budbreak rate (FBR), vigorous budbreak rate (VBR), velocity of budbreak (VB), percentage of open buds (POB) and dormancy index (DI). The rest-breaking agent garlic extract (GE) 10% + mineral oil (MO) 2% was the most efficient one in budbreak induction in both production cycles. Thus, this dose is recommended for budbreak induction in kiwifruit vines grown in an organic system.

Biological method of single-node cuttings for budburst in five fig cultivars subjected to artificial chilling

“…The modification of the ATS of a single cultivar over the two years depended on the quantity, quality, and duration of accumulated chilling hours, which varied for each cycle. This observation corroborates the findings of Santos et al (2020), who reported that changes in the accumulation of chilling hours, mainly due to insufficient chilling, can cause uneven and less intense sprouting. According to Carvalho and Biasi (2012), a reduction in the average sprouting time affects dormancy breaking.…”

Temperate Fruit Trees under Climate Change: Challenges for Dormancy and Chilling Requirements in Warm Winter Regions

“…The recent advancement in organic farming has increased the demand for dormancy breaking organic compounds as safe alternatives for the chemical ones. Garlic (Allium sativum L.) extract is considered as one of the most effective organic compounds for dormancy breaking [67][68][69]. The application of garlic extract either alone (5-10%) or combined with mineral oil (2-4%) was highly effective in dormancy breaking of grape, apple, and kiwifruit [67][68][69].…”

“…The application of fresh garlic extract, garlic oil, or di-allyl-sulfide stimulated dormancy breaking in grapevine without causing phytotoxicity in seedlings [68]. Garlic extract is rich in sulfur molecules, which produce cysteine as a result of reduced sulfur [69]. Cysteine metabolism leads to glutathione, which detoxifies ROS and free radicals.…”