Aluminum stress tolerance in potato genotypes grown with silicon

Abstract

Potato cultivation is widespread around the world, being exposed to several abiotic stresses, including soils with high aluminum (Al) availability. Silicon (Si) is recognized for alleviating the stress caused by Al in various plant species. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential of Si to mitigate the oxidative stress caused by Al in potato genotypes, exhibiting differential sensitivity toward this element. Plants of the Al-sensitive genotype (SMIJ319-7)and Al-tolerant genotype (SMIF212-3) were grown for two weeks in a hydroponic system with the nutrient solution containing combinations of Al (0 and 1.85 mM) and Si (0, 0.5 and 1.0 mM). At the end of the experiment, photosynthetic parameters, pigment content, root and shoot growth, superoxide dismutase and guaiacol peroxidase activity and lipid peroxidation were evaluated. In both potato genotypes Al BASIC AREAS -Article inhibited root and shoot growth and decreased all photosynthetic parameters and superoxide dismutase activity. Silicon was able to partially alleviate the damage caused by Al in parameters of root growth in the Al-tolerant genotype while increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and mitigating the Al-induced damage to membrane lipids in roots and shoot in both genotypes. The Al-tolerant genotype showed greater water use efficiency and transpiration rate in control conditions as compared to the Al-sensitive genotype. These data indicate that Si application can improve the defense ability of the tested potato genotypes against Al toxicity and that the Al-tolerant genotype is more responsive to Si.

Aluminium–silicon interactions in higher plants: an update

“…Antioxidant enzymes and metabolites were enhanced in leaves and roots. In a similar way, Dorneles et al (2019) showed that Si was partially able to ameliorate Al toxicity in two potato genotypes. The authors related this to increased activity of antioxidant enzymes and mitigation of Al-induced damage to membrane lipids.…”

Seed Priming with Salicylic Acid Minimizes Oxidative Effects of Aluminum on Trifolium Seedlings

“…Fabaceae introduction through overseeding under these conditions is often compromising, since physiological disorders can alter the main metabolic functions in plants (Abedi et al 2013;Singh et al 2017). Physiological changes make the limitation of root growth a marked effect of this element in a wide variety of plant species (Furlan et al 2018;Savic et al 2018;Silva et al 2018;Dorneles et al 2019). Adesmia latifolia, T. repens, and Trifolium pratense forage legume seedlings grown in environment subjected to 16% Al saturation have shown 65% reduction in first-order branches in comparison with those grown in environment subjected to 0% saturation (Scheffer-Basso and Prior 2015).…”

The role of exogenous silicon to mitigate Al2O3 nanoparticle-induced toxicity in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

“…In current study, root growth was reduced by 3 g l -1 nano-Al 2 O 3 , whereas this reduction was alleviated by application of exogenous Si (Figure 4). Exogenous addition of Si can mitigate toxicity symptoms induced by aluminum stress in many plant species (Hammond et al, 1995;Singh et al, 2011;Shen et al, 2014) by enhanc-ing antioxidant protection via modifying the activities of antioxidant enzymes (Shen et al, 2014;Dorneles et al, 2019), and by apoplastic binding of aluminum via formation of aluminosilicate complexes in the cell wall (Wang et al, 2004;Adrees et al, 2015). However, the mechanisms of Si-mediated alleviation of nano-Al 2 O 3 stress are still unknown.…”

“…Si can mitigate the effects of various environmental stresses such as salinity, drought, chilling, UV radiation (Collin et al, 2014;Zhu and Gong, 2014;Habibi, 2016) and Al and Mn toxicity (Zargar et al, 2019). Exogenous application of Si exhibits the capacity to enhance the plant growth and yield as well as stress tolerance under metal toxicity by reducing the metal uptake and transport in plants (Adrees et al, 2015), formation of silicon bodies in the cell wall (Prabagar et al, 2011) and enhancing the activities of antioxidant enzymes (Habibi, 2014;Shen et al, 2014;Dorneles et al, 2019).…”