Recovery of Red Pigments from Monascus purpureus FTC 5357 by Extraction of Fermented Solids: Operational Conditions and Kinetics

Abstract

Solvent extraction of red pigments from fermented solids is reported. The pigments were produced by solid-state fermentation of oil palm frond (OPF) biomass with the food-safe fungus Monascus purpureus FTC 5357. The effects of extraction solvent and other operational conditions (pH, temperature, agitation rate, contact time) on the recovery of pigments are discussed. The recovery was maximized using aqueous ethanol (60% ethanol by vol) as solvent at pH 6, 30 °C, with an extraction time of 16 h and an agitation rate of 180 rpm. A fermented solids dry mass of 1 g was used for each 160 mL of solvent during extraction. The kinetics of extraction were assessed by fitting the experimental data to different models. Peleg's model proved to be the best for describing solid-liquid extraction of the pigments under the above specified conditions. The highest extraction yield of red pigments under the above specified optimal conditions was 2076.08 AU g 1 dry fermented solids. HIGHLIGHTS Red pigment of Monascus purpureus effectively extracted from dried fermented oil palm frond (OPF) using 60% ethanol. Maximum pigment recovery was obtained at 30 C, 180 rpm agitation speed, 16 h, ratio of 1:60 solid to solvent and pH 6 of 60% ethanol.  Peleg's model proved to be the best for describing solid-liquid extraction of the pigments under the above specified conditions. 2 Daud, N.F.S.; et al.

Biotechnological potential of Talaromyces sp. isolated from soil of Caatinga biome in the production of pigments with antimicrobial activity

“…Since color perception is the strongest emotional part of the visual process, it has great strength that can be used to express and reinforce visual information to great advantage, being widely used to make a product more attractive (Sánches-Muños et al al., 2020). As a result, pigments have become an essential part of human daily life and have extensive applications in many areas, such as agriculture, textiles, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, food, among others (Daud et al, 2021;Paillié-Jiménez et al, 2020;Venil et al, 2020).…”